Intra-Articular Knee Temperature Changes

Warren, Todd A.; McCarty, Eric C.; Richardson, Airron L; Michener, Todd; Spindler, Kurt P.

doi:10.1177/0363546503258864

Cited by 66 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The temperature measurement of the knee joint has a long history in medical thermometry (Ammer, 2012;Ho et al, 1994;Sanchez-Inchausti et al, 2005). However most of the measurements are based-skin (Becher et al, 2008;Oosterveld and Rasker, 1994) or are intra-articular (Martin et al, 2001;Warren et al, 2004), which cannot discriminate between heat generated by dissipation and heat generated by muscles and transported via the vascular system. Nevertheless, some studies have reported the increase of temperature subsequent to mechanical loading.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic viscoelasticity increases temperature in knee cartilage under physiological loading

Abdel-Sayed

Moghadam

Salomir

et al. 2014

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Temperature Magnetic resonance imagingDifferential scanning calorimetry a b s t r a c t Metabolism of proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid has been shown to be temperaturedependent in cartilage explants, with optimal anabolic effects between 36 1C and 38 1C. At rest, the temperature of human knee has a value of around 33 1C. We aim to show in this study that viscoelastic properties of healthy human cartilage allow its temperature to reach those optimal temperatures during physiological mechanical loadings. We developed a model allowing to determine the temperature increase in cartilage due to viscous dissipation. The model had three parameters, which were determined experimentally. The first parameter was the energy dissipated by cartilage samples submitted to cyclic stimulation. It was obtained with standard in vitro mechanical testing. The second parameter was the cartilage heat capacity and was measured in vitro with differential scanning calorimetry. Finally, the third parameter was the time constant of cartilage heat transfer and was obtained with in vivo magnetic resonance thermometry performed on four volunteers. With these experimentally determined parameters, the model predicted that cartilage dissipation is sufficient to raise the temperature in healthy knee cartilage from 33 1C to 36.7 1C after a 1 h walking. These results showed that intrinsic viscoelastic properties of the cartilage could induce a temperature increase optimal for the production of proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid. Interestingly, degenerated cartilage did not present high enough viscoelastic properties to significantly induce a temperature increase. Taken together, these data suggest an association between cartilage dissipation and its homeostasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic viscoelasticity increases temperature in knee cartilage under physiological loading

Abdel-Sayed

Moghadam

Salomir

et al. 2014

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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“…107,124 We also utilize various therapeutic lasers to aid in the healing response. 31,58,118 Treatment options for swelling include cryotherapy, 15,32,125,135,169 high-voltage stimulation, 74 and joint compression through the use of a knee sleeve or compression wrap. 91 A commercial cold device (FIGURE 2) providing continuous cold therapy and compression may also be beneficial.…”

Section: Restore Patellar Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Rehabilitation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries

Wilk¹,

Macrina²,

Cain³

et al. 2012

Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy

138

124

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Synopsis Rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament surgery continues to change, with the current emphasis being on immediate weight bearing and range of motion, and progressive muscular strengthening, proprioception, dynamic stability, and neuromuscular control drills. The rehabilitation program should be based on scientific and clinical research and focus on specific drills and exercises designed to return the patient to the desired functional goals. The goal is to return the patient's knee to homeostasis and the patient to his or her sport or activity as safely as possible. Unique rehabilitation techniques and special considerations for the female athlete will also be discussed. The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with a thorough scientific basis for anterior cruciate ligament rehabilitation based on graft selection, patient population, and concomitant injuries. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(3):153–171. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3741

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“…Several studies have analyzed the efficacy of cryotherapy modalities for reducing cutaneous [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] , intramuscular 7,9,[14][15][16] and articular 17 temperature. Previous studies have identified that a crushed ice pack, ice massage and cold water immersion are the most effective modalities for inducing greater and faster cooling [9][10][11][12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of walking and resting after three cryotherapy modalities on the recovery of sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity in healthy subjects

Herrera¹,

Sandoval²,

Camargo³

et al. 2011

Rev. bras. fisioter.

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© Revista Brasileira de FisioterapiaEffect of walking and resting after three cryotherapy modalities on the recovery of sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity in healthy subjects Efeito da marcha e do repouso após aplicação de três protocolos de crioterapia na recuperação da velocidade de condução sensorial e motora em sujeitos saudáveis Esperanza Herrera 1 , Maria Cristina Sandoval 1 , Diana M. Camargo 1 , Tania F. Salvini 2 AbstractBackground: Different cryotherapy modalities have distinct effects on sensory and motor nerve conduction parameters. However, it is unclear how these parameters change during the post-cooling period and how the exercise carried out in this period would influence the recovery of nerve conduction velocity (NCV). Objectives: To compare the effects of three cryotherapy modalities on post-cooling NCV and to analyze the effect of walking on the recovery of sensory and motor NCV. Methods: Thirty six healthy young subjects were randomly allocated into three groups: ice massage (n=12), ice pack (n=12) and cold water immersion (n=12). The modalities were applied to the right leg. The subjects of each modality group were again randomized to perform a post-cooling activity: a) 30min rest, b) walking 15 min followed by 15 min rest. The NCV of sural (sensory) and posterior tibial (motor) nerves was evaluated. Initial (pre-cooling) and final (30 min post-cooling) NCV were compared using a paired t-test. The effects of the modalities and the post-cooling activities on NCV were evaluated by an analysis of covariance. The significance level was α=0.05. Results: There was a significant difference between immersion and ice massage on final sensory NCV (p=0.009). Ice pack and ice massage showed similar effects (p>0.05). Walking accelerated the recovery of sensory and motor NCV, regardless of the modality previously applied (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Cold water immersion was the most effective modality for maintaining reduced sensory nerve conduction after cooling. Walking after cooling, with any of the three modalities, enhances the recovery of sensory and motor NCV.Keywords: cryotherapy; cold therapy; nerve conduction; cooling agents; sural nerve; tibial nerve. ResumoContextualização: Diferentes protocolos de crioterapia têm ação distinta nos parâmetros de condução neural sensorial e motora. No entanto, não se sabe como é o comportamento desses parâmetros no período pós-resfriamento e como o exercício físico realizado nesse período atuaria na recuperação da velocidade de condução nervosa (VCN). Objetivos: Comparar o efeito de três protocolos de crioterapia na VCN pós-resfriamento e analisar o efeito da marcha pós-resfriamento na recuperação da VCN sensorial e motora.Métodos: Trinta e seis sujeitos jovens e saudáveis foram alocados aleatoriamente em três grupos: criomassagem (n=12), pacote de gelo (n=12); imersão em água gelada (n=12). As modalidades foram aplicadas na perna direita. Os sujeitos de cada grupo foram novamente aleatorizados para realizar uma atividade pós-resfriamento: a) 30 min de rep...

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Intra-Articular Knee Temperature Changes

Abstract: Both methods produced large declines in skin and IA temperatures. However, ice was more effective yet resulted in higher pain scores. The authors hypothesize that IA temperatures below a threshold are associated with increased perceived pain.

Cited by 66 publications

References 18 publications

Intrinsic viscoelasticity increases temperature in knee cartilage under physiological loading

Intrinsic viscoelasticity increases temperature in knee cartilage under physiological loading

Recent Advances in the Rehabilitation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries

Effect of walking and resting after three cryotherapy modalities on the recovery of sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity in healthy subjects

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