Intra-cavity generation of superpositions of Laguerre–Gaussian beams

Naidoo, Darryl; Aı̈t-Ameur, Kamel; Brunel, Marc; Forbes, Andrew

doi:10.1007/s00340-011-4775-x

Cited by 97 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Experiments were taken to demonstrate that a petal LG 0m mode was indeed a coherent superposition of two LG 0AEm modes. 121) When testing the lasing of a Nd:YAG ceramic rod sample placed inside a resonator and pumped by the second harmonic of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser unit ( p ¼ 0:532 m), we found an increase of the sample lasing energy when reducing the diameter of the aperture through which the pumping was done. 80,122) This, at first glance, amazing result was a consequence of the pump beam diffraction at the circular aperture and the enhancement of on-axis intensity at certain locations along the pump beam propagation, depending on the distance, z and the diameter of the aperture, 2a, Fig. 14.…”

Section: Lg 0m Modes Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adjusting the focal position of the pump beam in the microchip, the authors managed to obtain 14 degenerate petal LG 0m modes with the m-index ranging from 1 to 23. 40) In the recent study of Naidoo et al 121) LG 0m modes were observed in the diode end-pumped Nd:YAG laser cavity with a small thin opaque disk at the mirror. This element obstructed the Gaussian fundamental and some low order modes oscillations in the cavity.…”

Section: Lg 0m Modes Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a large number of experiments with DPSSLs, where LG 0m and LG 0AEm modes were observed. 40,41,75,[100][101][102]121) A technique has been developed for the generation of LG 0m modes in a fiber-coupled cw laser diode end-pumped Nd 3þ -doped YVO 4 microchip laser. 40) The idea was to produce a doughnut-shaped pump profile by defocusing a fiber-coupled diode.…”

Section: Lg 0m Modes Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laguerre-Gaussian modes selection in diode-pumped solid-state lasers

Senatsky

Bisson

et al. 2012

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Over the last twenty years, diode pumping of solid-state lasers has opened new prospects for the mode control and formation of Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams, enabling a large variety of applications. Experiments on scalar and vector LG modes selection in Nd 3þ -and Yb 3þ -doped ceramics and crystal lasers carried out at the Institute for Laser Science, Tokyo are reviewed. Selection of LG modes from low to high orders using intra-cavity elements, polarization-selective mirrors, or shaping the pump beam profile, is considered. Illustrations of record-high-order LG hollow modes, multiring modes with highly directional propagation properties, characteristics of cw and pulsed lasers with radially or azimuthally polarized beams of high polarization purity are presented. General solutions of the wave equation for the axi-symmetric electric field, which describe LG beams of various profiles, are proposed for data analysis. In parallel, a short review on LG modes selection studies carried out at other laboratories is given.

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Section: Lg 0m Modes Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lg 0m Modes Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lg 0m Modes Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laguerre-Gaussian modes selection in diode-pumped solid-state lasers

Senatsky

Bisson

et al. 2012

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“…Various techniques for the generation of such beams exists that uses conventional optical components like digital micro-mirror device(DMD) [8], laser resonator [9,10], axially symmetric polarization element [11], porro-prism [12,13] and spatial light modulator [14][15][16]. In most of the techniques the key feature is to coherently superpose two LaguerreGaussian(LG) beam modes with equal but opposite orbital angular momentum(OAM), thus creating a structured beam profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-induced transparency-mediated structured-beam generation in a closed-loop tripod configuration

Sharma

Dey

2017

Phys. Rev. A

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We present a phase induced transparency based scheme to generate structured beam patterns in a closed four level atomic system. We employ phase structured probe beam and a transverse magnetic field (TMF) to create phase dependent medium susceptibility. We show that such phase dependent modulation of absorption holds the key to formation of a structured beam. We use a full density matrix formalism to explain the experiments of Radwell et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 123603 (2015)] at weak probe limits. Our numerical results on beam propagation confirms that the phase information present in the absorption profile gets encoded on the spatial probe envelope which creates petal-like structures even in the strong field limit. The contrast of the formed structured beam can be enhanced by changing the strength of TMF as well as of the probe intensity. In weak field limits an absorption profile is solely responsible for creating a structured beam, whereas in the strong probe regime, both dispersion and absorption profiles facilitate the generation of high contrast structured beam. Furthermore we find the rotation of structured beams owing to strong field induced nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR).

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“…In lasing systems with an imposed circular symmetry, an annulus of lasing spots can sometimes form along the perimeter of the structure (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). Such transverse modes are often referred to as "petal states" (1) or "daisy modes" (2) and are interpreted as annular standing waves (3), whispering gallery modes (4), or coherent superpositions of Laguerre-Gauss (LG) modes with zero radial index (5,6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled counterrotating polariton condensates in optically defined annular potentials

Dreismann

Cristofolini

Balili

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

107

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Polariton condensates are macroscopic quantum states formed by half-matter half-light quasiparticles, thus connecting the phenomena of atomic Bose-Einstein condensation, superfluidity, and photon lasing. Here we report the spontaneous formation of such condensates in programmable potential landscapes generated by two concentric circles of light. The imposed geometry supports the emergence of annular states that extend up to 100 μm, yet are fully coherent and exhibit a spatial structure that remains stable for minutes at a time. These states exhibit a petal-like intensity distribution arising due to the interaction of two superfluids counterpropagating in the circular waveguide defined by the optical potential. In stark contrast to annular modes in conventional lasing systems, the resulting standing wave patterns exhibit only minimal overlap with the pump laser itself. We theoretically describe the system using a complex Ginzburg-Landau equation, which indicates why the condensate wants to rotate. Experimentally, we demonstrate the ability to precisely control the structure of the petal condensates both by carefully modifying the excitation geometry as well as perturbing the system on ultrafast timescales to reveal unexpected superfluid dynamics.interferometer | rings | BEC | SQUID C ircular loops are a key geometry for superfluid and superconducting devices because rotation around a closed ring is coupled to the phase of a quantum wavefunction; so far, however, they have not been optically accessible, although this would enable a new class of quantum devices, particularly if room temperature condensate operation is achieved.In lasing systems with an imposed circular symmetry, an annulus of lasing spots can sometimes form along the perimeter of the structure (1-6). Such transverse modes are often referred to as "petal states" (1) or "daisy modes" (2) and are interpreted as annular standing waves (3), whispering gallery modes (4), or coherent superpositions of Laguerre-Gauss (LG) modes with zero radial index (5, 6). Their circular symmetry makes them interesting for numerous applications such as free space communication or fiber coupling (7), and their LG-type structure suggests implementations using the orbital angular momentum of light (8), such as optical trapping (9) or quantum information processing (10). Petal states have been reported for various conventional lasing systems, including electrically and optically pumped vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) (2, 4), as well as microchip (6) and rod lasers (1).A fundamentally different type of lasing system is the polariton laser (11,12). Polaritons are bosonic quasiparticles, resulting from the strong coupling between microcavity photons and semiconductor excitons (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Their small effective mass (bestowed by their photonic component) and strong interactions (arising from their excitonic component) favor Bose-stimulated condensation into a single quantum state, called a polariton condensate (14,15). These full...

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Intra-cavity generation of superpositions of Laguerre–Gaussian beams

Cited by 97 publications

References 24 publications

Laguerre-Gaussian modes selection in diode-pumped solid-state lasers

Laguerre-Gaussian modes selection in diode-pumped solid-state lasers

Phase-induced transparency-mediated structured-beam generation in a closed-loop tripod configuration

Coupled counterrotating polariton condensates in optically defined annular potentials

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