Intra-Gulf Cooperation Council : Saudi Arabia Effect

Al-Mawali, Nasser

doi:10.11130/jei.2015.30.3.532

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A model of economic success and political stability was introduced to cater for the distinctions in immigration and ownership laws of some of these economies (Al-Hadi et al, 2017). GCC governments have shown a strong indication to investors that their investments are comparatively protected in their respective countries for similar returns compared to the stereotypes often held by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries (Al-Mawali, 2015).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Border Assets Holdings, Equity Securities, and Debt Securities between Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)

Khayat¹

2022

IBR

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This paper investigates the trends of asset holdings across borders to GCC financial markets through panel data and compares the findings with those acquired for the OECD countries. A gravity panel data model was set on bilateral gross cross-border investment flows between GCC countries and host OECD countries between 2002 and 2019. Three dependent variables were used; aggregate equity securities and debt securities, equity securities, and debt securities. Data were obtained from the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey (CIPS) and converted into real terms using the GDP deflator. The World Bank (2014) World Development Indicators Database (WDI) provided data for GDP deflators. The results indicate that the source economies' bilateral trade, GDP per capita, and population are always positive and significant determinants of cross-border linkages. Geographical proximity (Distance) is found to exert a significant positive influence on assets so that investors may seek to diversify their portfolios and prefer to invest outside their region.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Border Assets Holdings, Equity Securities, and Debt Securities between Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)

Khayat¹

2022

IBR

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“…Although its economy is almost entirely dependent on oil, it is considered an "energy superpower" and has a gross domestic product (GDP) worth over 740 billion dollars. With a total worth of US $34.4 trillion, Saudi Arabia has the second most valuable natural resources in the world (Halbouty 2003;Ashwan, Salam, and Mouselhy 2012;Al-Mawali 2015). The oil and gas sector alone accounts for half of its GDP and about 70% of its export earnings.…”

Section: Historical Background and Relevant Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Political Economy of Exclusion: State-Based Incitement of Intolerance as a Distraction from a Downturn in the Economy

Shehadeh

Lai

2020

Politics and Religion

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Middle East scholars have traditionally attributed the survival of monarchs in the Gulf to the use of financial appeasements fueled by oil revenues. With rampant political insecurity in the region and the revolutionary fervor present after the Arab Spring, leaders have gone beyond the traditional rentier state system to ensure political survival by playing on the sentiments of sectarianism and identity politics. This paper argues that religious sectarianism is not only a question of attitudes and sentiments toward a religious minority but also a politically motivated state mechanism used to maintain the status quo and ensure an extended legitimation of power. We argue that the state often capitalizes on people's fear of economic adversities to incite sectarian exclusions of religious minorities, this is especially evident in times of economic hardships. With survey data from the Arab Barometer, we examined such political psychology in Saudi Arabia in 2011, at the onset of the Arab Spring. We found that Sunni Muslim sentiments of sectarian exclusion toward the Shi‘a minority could be attributed to not just religiosity but also state crafted incitement by the Saudi government. In particular, our results show that state-based sectarian intolerance was in part fueled by the government's scapegoating of the Shi‘a communities during times of economic downturns.

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“…The bilateral two-way trade during the period was USD 145.72 billion, marking a 24.13% increase over the previous year, and is growing at a steady pace. 19…”

Section: India and Gulf Cooperation (Gcc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

India’s policy options in middle-east: challenges and opportunities

Nandy¹

2020

J His Arch & Anthropol Sci

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India's relations with Gulf countries and West Asia are very old. The Middle-East region plays a significant role in India's economy, as it provides about two-thirds of India's total oil imports. Bilateral trade, especially with the U.A.E., Iran and other Middle-Eastern countries in the Persian Gulf are growing in recent years. For long times, millions of Indian migrants have been moved to search jobs in the Middle-Eastern Countries and they are considered as a significant part of the total remittance received from out of the country. On the other hand, India always maintains a balancing political strategy with the Middle Eastern countries. As such, the relationship between Israel and Palestine is known as the born enemy. But, India played a separate tactical political strategy with those countries.

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Intra-Gulf Cooperation Council : Saudi Arabia Effect

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Cross-Border Assets Holdings, Equity Securities, and Debt Securities between Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)

Cross-Border Assets Holdings, Equity Securities, and Debt Securities between Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)

Political Economy of Exclusion: State-Based Incitement of Intolerance as a Distraction from a Downturn in the Economy

India’s policy options in middle-east: challenges and opportunities

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