Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Oral Amphetamine

Harrington, Hugh; Ha, Heller; Dawson, David M.; Caplan, Louis R.; Rumbaugh, Calvin L.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1983.04210070043012

Cited by 108 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Our series confirmed an association of methamphetamine usage with ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage as has been shown in smaller case series or case reports (Table 6) [4][5][6][7]. We observed a predominance of vascular pathology in the anterior circulation with respect to vessel stenoses, atherosclerosis, and aneurysm location.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Cerebrovascular Complications of Methamphetamine Abuse

et al. 2009

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Previous reports suggest that methamphetamine exposure is associated with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke as well as increased antisocial and risky behaviors [4][5][6][7][8][9]. It is unclear whether this stimulant leads to stroke by causing vasculitis [10] or simply by accelerating atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrovascular Complications of Methamphetamine Abuse

et al. 2009

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“…The generally accepted mechanisms of stroke in am phetamine abusers include vasculopathy and initial hy pertension [1,3,14], Cerebral angiography in 5 of our patients (4 ICH and 1 Cl) showed no 'beading' or irregu larity (vasculopathy) [ 1,3,14] or stenosis of the ICA [15]. However, absence of these findings does not necessarily exclude 'vasculopathy', since an animal study [8] has demonstrated that amphetamine-related vasculitis most frequently involves vessels below 100 pm in diameter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…However, the reported cases of strokerelated events after methamphetamine inhalation are few [3,15,16]. Harrington et al [3] have reported a 19-yearold man who had ICH in his left hemisphere 16 days after inhalation of a mixture of amphetamine and LSD. The carotid angiography showed no abnormalities of the blood vessels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke Associated with Methamphetamine Inhalation

Yen

Wang

et al. 1994

Eur Neurol

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Seven patients (all men, mean age 32 years, range 17-47) with stroke following methamphetamine inhalation were collected during the last 2 years. Like oral or intravenous abusers, our patients had more hemorrhagic (n = 5) than ischemic strokes (n = 2). Cases of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were lobar (n = 3), caudate (n = 1) or putaminal (n = 1), whereas the infarctions were both in the middle cerebral artery region. Each stroke event occurred within 3 days after drug use. Three patients had hypertension on admission. Though young in age, most patients had multiple stroke risk factors. In 3 patients with ICH, we also found small, low attenuated lesions on the brain computed tomography, however, without clinical correlations. Except for arteriovenous malformation in 1 patient, all angiograms failed to show vasculopathy or vasospasm. Contrary to what one might surmise from previously published reports, methamphetamine inhalation is at least as likely to produce ICH as it is to produce brain infarction.

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“…' 6 High ethanol consumption has recently been suggested as an independent risk factor for hemorrhagic stroke, especially subarachnoid hemorrhage. 7 " 9 We conducted a case-control study to assess the role of high ethanol intake and its relation to other risk factors in the development of intracerebral hemorrhage in young and middle-aged people.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High ethanol consumption as risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage in young and middle-aged people.

Monforte

Estruch

Graus

et al. 1990

Stroke

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We examined the prevalence of high ethanol intake, hypertension, and other risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage in a case-control study of 24 young and middle-aged patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. We recorded ethanol consumption, history of hypertension, liver disease, cigarette smoking, and mild or severe coagulation disorder in each case of intracerebral hemorrhage and in 48 control patients matched by sex and age. In univariate matched analyses, the frequencies of high ethanol intake (/?=0.009), hypertension (p=0.05), and coagulation disorder (p=0.05) were higher in the cases than in the controls. After controlling for possible confounding factors, we found that high ethanol intake and hypertension were the only independent risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (p=0.02 and/7=0.05, respectively). The hemorrhagic lesion found in cases with a high ethanol intake tended to be located in the cerebral lobes (p=0.0l), contrasting with the typical basal ganglia location of hypertensive hematomas (p=0.009). We conclude that chronic, high ethanol intake should be considered as an important risk factor for lobar hematomas in young and middle-aged people. (Stroke 1990;21:1529-1532)

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Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Oral Amphetamine

Cited by 108 publications

References 20 publications

Cerebrovascular Complications of Methamphetamine Abuse

Cerebrovascular Complications of Methamphetamine Abuse

Stroke Associated with Methamphetamine Inhalation

High ethanol consumption as risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage in young and middle-aged people.

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