Intrafamilial occurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the profile of liver disease in close relatives of patients with HBV infection

Kavitha, R.; Kumar, K Sunil; Sandesh, K; Ramachandran, Thazhath Mavali; Varghese, Thomas

doi:10.4103/0972-9747.190075

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…15 In an Indian study, the most prevalent household contacts of patients with hepatitis-B were related to sharing common eating materials and sharing dress and towels, shaving material and also the history of dentistry procedures and surgery were the risk factors which were associated to the prevalence of hepatitis-B among family members. 8 In the present case study from western India, it was observed that the major route of transmission is vertical (mother to child). This report presents a very interesting case study of intrafamilial hepatitis-B transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…7 Horizontal spread during early childhood may account for about 75% of all HBV transmission in India and less than 30% is thought to result from perinatal vertical transmission. 4,8 Vertical transmission is also an important route of hepatitis B infection however it has not been paid much attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 The intrafamilial transmission of Hepatitis-B infection in members of the index positive cases ranges from 11 to 57 %. [6][7][8] In this study, we report an interesting case of intrafamilial HBV transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Familial transmission of hepatitis B: an interesting case report

Debnath¹,

Chavan²,

Rane³

et al. 2020

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Hepatitis-B is a health problem of global importance. India falls in the low intermediate endemicity zone (prevalence rate 2-4%) for hepatitis-B virus infection. Intrafamilial transmission of HBV has an important role in maintaining endemicity in our country. Here we report an interesting case of intrafamilial clustering of HBV infection from western India. Out of 14 family members, 12 members (85.7%) were hepatitis-B infected (overt or occult). This report highlights that vertical transmission of hepatitis-B is also an important route of hepatitis-B transmission. Screening of family members and contacts of HBsAg positive individuals with both HBsAg and Anti-HBc is required for timely active immunization and adaptation of hygienic precautions to prevent the chain of transmission of hepatitis B.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Familial transmission of hepatitis B: an interesting case report

Debnath¹,

Chavan²,

Rane³

et al. 2020

Int J Community Med Public Health

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“…Concurrent handling of paper currency and household materials may also set the stage for transmission of HBV among different family members[ 20 ]. This was further strengthened by reports from India indicating that intra-familial horizontal transmission played a more important role in the spread of HBV infection than the sexual mode of HBV transmission[ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Hepatitis B virus detected in paper currencies in a densely populated city of India: A plausible source of horizontal transmission?

Das¹,

Supekar²,

Chatterjee³

et al. 2020

WJH

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BACKGROUND The recent rise in the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in a densely populated city of eastern India (“mixing vessel” of people of varied socio-economic and immune status) prompted this study. Applying saliva on fingers for enumerating bank notes is a common practice in the Indian subcontinent. Paper notes may be a potential source of “horizontal” transmission of this virus, especially if there are cuts/bruises on the oral mucous membrane or skin. AIM To investigate whether paper currencies could be a plausible mode of horizontal transmission of HBV infection. METHODS Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) followed by nucleotide sequencing was done for the detection of HBV. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(HBsAg ELISA) was performed on all HBV deoxyribonucleic acid-positive samples to check the detectability of the virus. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was carried out for visual confirmation of HBV particles in ultracentrifuged/immunoprecipitated samples from currency paper washings. RESULTS HBV-specific PCRs on pellets obtained after ultracentrifugation/ immunoprecipitation of the currency paper washings detected potentially intact/viable HBV (genotype D2) in 7.14% of samples ( n = 70). AFM gave the visual confirmation of HBV particles in ultracentrifuged/immunoprecipitated samples from currency paper washings. However, HBV isolates from the currency notes could not be detected by HBsAg ELISA. CONCLUSION It is a common practice in the Indian subcontinent to count paper currencies by applying saliva on fingertips. Paper notes may be a potential source of “horizontal” transmission of this virus, especially if there are cuts/bruises on the oral mucous membrane or skin, but it was practically not possible to demonstrate experimentally such transmission. Detection of potentially intact/viable and “occult” HBV from currency poses potential risk of silent transmission of this virus among the general population.

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Prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection in patients attending Cardiac super-specialty hospital between 2014 and 2022

M P

et al. 2023

Journal of Infection

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Intrafamilial occurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the profile of liver disease in close relatives of patients with HBV infection

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Familial transmission of hepatitis B: an interesting case report

Familial transmission of hepatitis B: an interesting case report

Hepatitis B virus detected in paper currencies in a densely populated city of India: A plausible source of horizontal transmission?

Prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection in patients attending Cardiac super-specialty hospital between 2014 and 2022

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