Intrafamilial Spread of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Greece

Roma, Elefthería; Panayiotou, Joanna; Pachoula, Joanna; Kafritsa, Yota; Constantinidou, Catherin; Mentis, Αndreas; Syriopoulou, Vassiliki

doi:10.1097/mcg.0b013e318192fd8a

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Assuming that H. pylori colonizes only the human gastric mucosa, it has been postulated that gastro-oral transmission may occur, and this may be a possible route of spread during epidemic vomiting or regurgitation in children (22,23). This hypothesis has been supported by experimental (24)(25)(26) and clinical data (27)(28)(29). Poor personal hygiene may account for an increased risk of H. pylori infection in mentally disabled children, possibly following chronic gastric regurgitation or frequent vomiting by infected cohabiting children, either within or outside the family (e.g., at day care centers or kindergarten).…”

supporting

confidence: 60%

<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection among Children with Phenylketonuria

2013

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SUMMARY: This study aimed to determine the frequency of Helicobacter pylori infections in children with phenylketonuria (PKU). Sixty-six children with PKU (35 boys, 31 girls; mean age, 8.2 ± 6.7 years) and 32 outpatient controls (15 boys, 17 girls; mean age, 9.6 ± 4.7 years) were studied. Socioeconomic factors did not differ between the two groups. The frequency of H. pylori infections was higher in patients with PKU (28.1z) than in healthy controls (9.4z). In particular, a higher frequency of infection was detected in patients with PKU with poor metabolic control (51.8z). The frequency of H. pylori infection in patients with PKU with good metabolic control was only 10.2z. There was no difference in the mean total WISC-R score between the poor and good metabolic control groups. A high frequency of H. pylori infection in children with PKU with poor metabolic control could be related to many factors. Advanced and standardized clinical studies on H. pylori infections in children with PKU are required.

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supporting

confidence: 60%

<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection among Children with Phenylketonuria

2013

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“…The probability of fecal-oral transmission increases with extended and close personal contact between infected and susceptible individuals. The prolonged shedding of HAV before and after the onset of symptoms, in association with the lack of good hygienic practices and the sharing of objects in the domiciliary environment, may contribute to a more suitable scenario for person-to-person HAV transmission, as previously reported for several diseases with fecal-oral transmission [18], [19], [21]. Although person-to-person transmission is common in hepatitis A, few studies have evidenced this mode of transmission [16], [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Evidence of Hepatitis A Virus Person-to-Person Transmission in Household Outbreaks

et al. 2014

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The person-to-person transmission of the hepatitis A virus primarily occurs in enclosed spaces, particularly in the presence of inadequate hygiene conditions and a high proportion of susceptible individuals. Thus, intimate family contact stands out as a risk factor for HAV infection dissemination. The present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of household HAV transmission. Blood samples were collected from patients with hepatitis A (index cases) and their family members (contacts) that were referred to an ambulatory care clinic specializing in viral hepatitis. A total of 97 samples were collected from 30 families with a confirmed hepatitis A case (index case). Serological and molecular techniques for the diagnosis of hepatitis A were conducted on all samples. HAV infection (anti-HAV IgM + and/or HAV RNA +) was detected in 34.3% (23/67) of the contacts; 34.3% (23/67) of the contacts were immune to HAV, and 31.4% (21/67) were susceptible. In the household contacts, HAV immunity was significantly associated with older age; susceptibility to infection and HAV infection were associated with younger age. Household outbreaks were detected in 16/30 families studied. Co-circulation of subgenotypes IA and IB was found in the household outbreaks, and person-to-person transmission was evidenced in six of the household outbreaks, with 100% homology between the index case and contact strains. The results demonstrated the relevance of HAV household transmission, reaffirming the need for hepatitis A vaccine administration in susceptible contacts and effective infection control procedures to prevent the extension of household outbreaks.

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“…Understanding the intrafamilial spread of H. pylori is an important aspect of transmission research. A study of 100 children with abdominal symptoms (44 H. pylori + ) found a higher percentage of H. pylori infected siblings, mothers, and fathers, tested by urea breath test(UBT), among H. pylori + than H. pylori − index cases ( p < .001, p < .001 and p < .035, respectively) [15]. Each H. pylori + child had at least one infected family member, implicating the family as the source of H. pylori infection in children.…”

Section: Epidemiology and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori Infection and Childhood

2010

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Pediatric‐based Helicobacter pylori research continues to contribute significantly to our understanding of both clinical and pathophysiological aspects of this infection. Here, we review the published pediatric H. pylori literature from April 2009–March 2010. Analysis of pediatric H. pylori strains continues to suggest that cagA+ and cagPAI competent strains are less prevalent than in adult isolates. Studies from the Middle East report a high H. pylori prevalence and intrafamilial transmission. Data continue to show a lack of association between H. pylori and recurrent abdominal pain of childhood, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and growth retardation. Recent probiotic trials have not shown a benefit on H. pylori eradication in children, while sequential therapy remains an attractive therapeutic eradication strategy in children, which requires validation in different geographic regions.

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Intrafamilial Spread of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Greece

Abstract: The prevalence of H. pylori infection is significantly higher among families of infected index children. The presence of at least 1 infected family member in all H. pylori-positive index children suggests that the family could be the main source of H. pylori infection in children.

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection among Children with Phenylketonuria

<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection among Children with Phenylketonuria

Evidence of Hepatitis A Virus Person-to-Person Transmission in Household Outbreaks

Helicobacter pylori Infection and Childhood

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