Intraindividual Specificity and Stability of Human EEG: Comparing a Linear vs a Nonlinear Approach

Dünki, Rudolf M.; Schmid, Gary Bruno; Stassen, Hans H.

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1634249

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Specifically, we recorded task-independent resting electroencephalography (EEG) of 87 participants before measuring their everyday pro-environmental behaviour over the course of five days. Measuring an individual’s baseline cortical activation with EEG is an ideal neural trait measure because it is unique to an individual (recognising a person based on their pattern of brain electrical activity at rest is possible in up to 99% of cases) and relatively stable over time, with a retest-reliability of up to 0.80 after 5 years 26–28 . Prior studies could show that this measure of neural traits helps to explain variance in expertise (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of everyday pro-environmental behaviour is explained by baseline activation in lateral prefrontal cortex

Baumgärtner

Langenbach

Gianotti

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

111

107

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Humankind faces a plethora of environmental problems, many of which are directly influenced by individual human behaviour. To better understand pro-environmental behaviour, we here try to identify interindividual markers that explain variance in the frequency of every-day pro-environmental behaviour. So far, research on this topic has mainly relied on subjective self-report measures and has yielded mixed results. In this study, we applied a neural trait approach to assess stable, objective individual differences. Using source-localised electroencephalography, we measured cortical activation at rest and combined our neural task-independent data with an ecologically valid assessment of everyday pro-environmental behaviour. We find whole-brain-corrected evidence that task-independent baseline activation in the right lateral prefrontal cortex, a brain area known to be involved in cognitive control and self-control processes, explains individual differences in pro-environmental behaviour. The higher the cortical baseline activation in this area, the higher the frequency of everyday pro-environmental behaviour. Implications for the promotion of pro-environmental behaviour are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of everyday pro-environmental behaviour is explained by baseline activation in lateral prefrontal cortex

Baumgärtner

Langenbach

Gianotti

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

111

107

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“…Task-independent EEG at rest constitutes an ideal neural trait measure due to its high specificity (i.e., the extent to which an EEG pattern is uniquely associated with a given person; Dünki et al 2000; Näpflin et al 2007) and high stability over time (e.g., Dünki et al 2000; Näpflin et al 2007; Cannon et al 2012). In addition, it has been used to reveal sources of individual differences in time preferences (Gianotti et al 2012), risk preferences (Gianotti et al 2009; Studer et al 2013), and social preferences (Knoch et al 2010; Baumgartner et al 2013; for a review, see; Nash et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Individual Differences in Domain-General Prosociality: A Resting EEG Study

et al. 2018

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Prosocial behavior is of vital importance for the smooth functioning of society. However, the propensity to behave in a prosocial manner is characterized by vast individual differences. In order to reveal the sources of these differences, some studies have used objective, task-independent neural traits, for instance resting electroencephalography (EEG). Despite providing valuable insights into the neural signatures of several domains of prosociality, each of these studies has only focused on one single domain. Here, we exposed 137 participants to different social dilemma situations in order to obtain a measure of the individuals’ domain-general prosociality and recorded multi-channel task-independent, resting EEG. Using a source-localization technique, we found that resting current density within the temporo-parietal junction in two beta bands (beta2 and beta3) was positively associated with domain-general prosociality. This is the first demonstration of neural signatures underlying individual differences in the propensity to behave in a prosocial manner across different social situations.

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“…One such ideal trait measure is the task-independent neural baseline activation measured by resting electroencephalography (EEG). Resting EEG can be measured objectively and demonstrates both high temporal stability (Cannon et al, 2012;Dünki, Schmid, & Stassen, 2000;Williams et al, 2005) and high specificity (i.e., the extent to which a given EEG pattern uniquely belongs to a given person; Näpflin, Wildi, & Sarnthein, 2007). Studies investigating its temporal stability revealed test-retest reliabilities of up to 0.8 over a period of 5 years, while those exploring its specificity revealed recognition rates of up to 99%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural traits characterize unconditional cooperators, conditional cooperators, and noncooperators in group‐based cooperation

Baumgärtner

Dahinden

Gianotti

et al. 2019

Human Brain Mapping

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Contributing to and maintaining public goods are important for a functioning society. In reality, however, we see large variations in contribution behavior. While some individuals are not cooperative, others are highly so. Still others cooperate only to the extent they believe others will. Although these distinct behavioral types clearly have a divergent social impact, the sources of heterogeneity are poorly understood. We used source‐localized resting electroencephalography in combination with a model‐free clustering approach to participants' behavior in the Public Goods Game to explain heterogeneity. Findings revealed that compared to noncooperators, both conditional cooperators and unconditional cooperators are characterized by higher baseline activation in the right temporo‐parietal junction, an area involved in social cognition. Interestingly, conditional cooperators were further characterized by higher baseline activation in the left lateral prefrontal cortex, an area involved in behavioral control. Our findings suggest that conditional cooperators' better capacities for behavioral control enable them to control their propensity to cooperate and thus to minimize the risk of exploitation by noncooperators.

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Intraindividual Specificity and Stability of Human EEG: Comparing a Linear vs a Nonlinear Approach

Cited by 29 publications

References 7 publications

Frequency of everyday pro-environmental behaviour is explained by baseline activation in lateral prefrontal cortex

Frequency of everyday pro-environmental behaviour is explained by baseline activation in lateral prefrontal cortex

Understanding Individual Differences in Domain-General Prosociality: A Resting EEG Study

Neural traits characterize unconditional cooperators, conditional cooperators, and noncooperators in group‐based cooperation

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