Intraosseous Epidermoid Cysts in Two Dogs

Liu, S. K.; Dorfman, Howard D.

doi:10.1177/030098587401100304

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…27 However, there are only two reports of intradiploic cysts in animals, which may reflect the asymptomatic course of these lesions. 28,29 Similar to other patients, this dog developed the first neurologic signs in adulthood. 4,7,10,11 The onset was insidious and the course slowly progressive and monophasic 30 Epidermoid cysts in humans are characterized by long T1 and T2 relaxation times, thus having a low signal intensity on T1-W images, and a slightly higher signal intensity than CSF on T2-W images; generally there is no contrast enhancement.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…About 10% of human epidermoid cysts are extradurally located either within the frontal, parietal, occipital, and sphenoid bones of the skull (intradiploic epidermoids) or extradurally in the vertebral canal 27 . However, there are only two reports of intradiploic cysts in animals, which may reflect the asymptomatic course of these lesions 28,29 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging Diagnosis — Intracranial Epidermoid Cyst in a Doberman Pinscher

Steinberg

Matiasek

Brühschwein

et al. 2007

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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A 4-year-old Doberman Pinscher was evaluated for chronic progressive central vestibular disease and aggressiveness. A cyst-like lesion was identified in the region of the left cerebellopontine angle. The lesion was hypointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Differentials included an epidermoid or dermoid cyst, cystic neoplasm, and brain abscess. Hyperintensity on subsequent fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images excluded an arachnoid cyst. The histopathologic diagnosis was epidermoid cyst within the fourth ventricle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Diagnosis — Intracranial Epidermoid Cyst in a Doberman Pinscher

Steinberg

Matiasek

Brühschwein

et al. 2007

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…Distal phalangeal (PIII) IECs have previously been described in 7 dogs and 2 horses in the English-language veterinary literature [ 1 – 6 ]. There is also a report of an IEC affecting the 10 th thoracic vertebra in a dog and the mandible in a horse [ 4 , 7 ]. In people, the phalanges of the hand and foot are a predilection site [ 8 – 22 ]; however, other reported locations include the distal radius [ 23 ], distal femur [ 24 ], proximal tibia [ 25 ], metacarpal bone [ 26 ], frontal and parietal bones of the skull [ 14 , 27 – 29 ], styloid process of the temporal bone [ 30 ] and maxilla [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common clinical signs reported in the veterinary and human literature for phalangeal IECs include painful swelling of the affected phalanx and nail deformation [ 3 , 4 , 9 – 23 , 25 , 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In humans and animals, IECs are radiographically characterised as well-defined expansile radiolucent osseous lesions with distinct thin-walled sclerotic cortical margins [ 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 7 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 31 , 35 ]. Other imaging modalities that have been employed to diagnose IECs in people and less commonly in animals include computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [ 2 , 11 – 14 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 23 – 25 , 27 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraosseous epidermoid cysts of adjacent digits in a dog

Vagias

Cassidy²,

Skelly

et al. 2020

BMC Vet Res

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Background Intraosseous epidermoid cyst (IEC) is a rare, non-neoplastic, pathology in animals and humans that most commonly affects the distal phalanx. In dogs, it is important to differentiate this lesion from malignant digital tumours causing bone lysis. In previous reports, IEC has been described to affect only a single digit at the time of diagnosis which is usually based on histopathology. This is the first case report to describe immunohistochemically confirmed IECs affecting simultaneously multiple digits. Case presentation A 4-and-a-half-year-old female spayed Great Dane was presented with a 2-month history of progressive swelling of the distal phalanx (PIII) of digits IV and V of the right pelvic limb. Eleven weeks prior to presentation, the dog had a low-grade cutaneous mast cell tumour completely excised from the craniolateral base of its left pinna. A history of trauma to 1 of the nails of the same pes 4 years prior to referral was also reported. Examination of the right pelvic limb identified firm non-painful swelling of PIII of digits IV and V, with concurrent deformation of the nails. Radiographs of the right pes obtained by the primary veterinarian identified an expansile lesion of PIII of digits IV and V. Computed tomography identified large expansile lesions of PIII of digits IV and V, with associated cortical thinning and soft tissue swelling. Neoplasia was considered the most likely radiographic diagnosis. Histopathology of Jamshidi bone biopsies was consistent with intraosseous epidermoid cyst, which was confirmed with immunohistochemistry. Amputation of PIII of digits IV and V at the level of mid-PII was performed as definitive treatment. No recurrence of the lesion occurred during the 10-month follow-up period. Conclusions Intraosseous epidermoid cysts should be included in the differential diagnosis for expansile lesions affecting the canine digit. It is important to differentiate them from other digital lesions, with bone involvement, such as malignant digital tumours, which often require more extensive surgery for definitive treatment. The case herein highlights that this lesion can affect simultaneously multiple digits. Definitive diagnosis can be achieved by identification of keratin-producing epithelial cells on histopathology and confirmed by pancytokeratin labelling.

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