Intrarenal red cell and plasma volumes in the non-diuretic rat

Rasmussen, S N

doi:10.1007/bf00593250

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The erythrocyte and plasma distribution volumes have been studied earlier in normal rat kidneys (Rasmussen, 1973) and the results for our control group in this investigation are in accordance with those findings. Labelling of erythrocytes with "'Cr is an established method and Frodin (1975) found that this labelling was stable and that no hemolysis occurred when "'Cr labelled erythrocytes were used to examine the wash-out of blood from kidneys subjected to 20 min of warm ischemia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Erythrocyte and Albumin Distribution in the Kidney Following Warm Ischemia

Karlberg

Källsko

Nygren

et al. 1982

Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology

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A dark zone of probably stagnant erythrocytes, localised primarily to the inner stripe of the outer medulla, is always found in acute renal failure caused by clamping of the renal artery for 45 min. To test the possible accumulation of red cells, the regional renal red cell content was investigated with 51Cr labelled red cells injected before, during and 10 min after the recirculation. Analyses were made of the volumes of (1) cells remaining from the period of clamping, (2) cells aggregated 0--10 min after recirculation and (3) cells still circulating 10--20 min after recirculation. In the inner stripe the total red cell volume was 21.8 +/- 2.2 microliter . 100 mg-1 (control value 9.3 +/- 0.6), where 26% remained from the period of clamping, 46% had accumulated 0--10 min after recirculation, and only 28% had entered the region 10--20 min after recirculation. The same pattern of response, though less pronounced, was also found in the inner zone. In the cortex the total red cell volume was 6.3 +/- 1.2 microliter . 100 mg-1 (control value 4.4 +/- 0.3), where 24% remained from the period of clamping, 32% were accumulated and 44% remained circulating. The plasma volume as investigated from 131I-labelled albumin was markedly increased in all zones, probably due to extravasation of the tracer. It is suggested that red cell accumulation plays an important role for the medullary ischemia found in ischemic acute renal failure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Erythrocyte and Albumin Distribution in the Kidney Following Warm Ischemia

Karlberg

Källsko

Nygren

et al. 1982

Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology

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“… a Knepper et al, 1977; b Jamison, 1987; c calculated from systemic hematocrit 0.45 and renal blood flow 9.2 ml/min (Davies and Morris, 1993); d Navar et al, 2008; e Davies and Morris, 1993; f Rasmussen, 1973; g values for sodium and urea are taken from literature (Pallone et al, 1994), same values are used for the hydrophilic drug; h same value used as for AVR; i Crone and Levitt, 1984; j estimated from hydraulic conductivity of DVR 1.6E−6 cm/s/mmHg (Pallone et al, 2003) and dimensions of DVR (Zimmerhackl et al, 1985); k Atherton et al, 1970; l Jensen et al, 1981; m adjusted so that the start value for the single nephron glomerular filtration rate times number of nephron matches total glomerular filtration rate at physiological steady state (GFR 0 ); n Brenner et al, 1971; o adjusted, so that the start value of the single nephron glomerular filtration rate for long loop nephrons equals that for short loop nephrons (Ericson et al, 1982; Sjöquist et al, 1984); p Kainer, 1975; the number per long loop nephron (1/1.71) is calculated by the number of collecting ducts per short loop nephron in cortex (1/4) and the fraction of long loop nephrons (30%) and is matching the literature value of 1/2; q estimated from Han et al (1992) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Physiologically Based Computational Kidney Model to Describe the Renal Excretion of Hydrophilic Agents in Rats

Niederalt¹,

Wendl²,

Kuepfer³

et al. 2013

Front. Physio.

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A physiologically based kidney model was developed to analyze the renal excretion and kidney exposure of hydrophilic agents, in particular contrast media, in rats. In order to study the influence of osmolality and viscosity changes, the model mechanistically represents urine concentration by water reabsorption in different segments of kidney tubules and viscosity dependent tubular fluid flow. The model was established using experimental data on the physiological steady state without administration of any contrast media or drugs. These data included the sodium and urea concentration gradient along the cortico-medullary axis, water reabsorption, urine flow, and sodium as well as urea urine concentrations for a normal hydration state. The model was evaluated by predicting the effects of mannitol and contrast media administration and comparing to experimental data on cortico-medullary concentration gradients, urine flow, urine viscosity, hydrostatic tubular pressures and single nephron glomerular filtration rate. Finally the model was used to analyze and compare typical examples of ionic and non-ionic monomeric as well as non-ionic dimeric contrast media with respect to their osmolality and viscosity. With the computational kidney model, urine flow depended mainly on osmolality, while osmolality and viscosity were important determinants for tubular hydrostatic pressure and kidney exposure. The low diuretic effect of dimeric contrast media in combination with their high intrinsic viscosity resulted in a high viscosity within the tubular fluid. In comparison to monomeric contrast media, this led to a higher increase in tubular pressure, to a reduction in glomerular filtration rate and tubular flow and to an increase in kidney exposure. The presented kidney model can be implemented into whole body physiologically based pharmacokinetic models and extended in order to simulate the renal excretion of lipophilic drugs which may also undergo active secretion and reabsorption.

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“…under normal physiological conditions there is more blood in the outer medulla than in the cortex (Wolgast. 1972;Rasmussen, 1973). It is also difficult to distinguish the border between the cortex and outer medulla when taking the tissue samples.…”

Section: Clearing Of Bloodmentioning

confidence: 98%

Renal Transplantation in the Rat: III. The Effect of Colloidal and Non-colloidal Perforates on the Clearing of Blood from the in vitro Perfuse Rat Kidney

Frødin

1975

Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology

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Rat kidneys were perfused in vitro with Perfadex (Gelin's solution) and a modified Collins' C3-solution with or without colloids. When the same flow rate was used the presence of 5% dextran 40, 5% albumin, or 10% albumin did not alter the clearing of 51Cr-tagged red blood cells. The main difference between the experimental groups was a significant increase in perfusion pressure when colloids were excluded from the perfusate. Results concerning the regional distribution of 51Cr-activity within the kidney are discussed.

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Intrarenal red cell and plasma volumes in the non-diuretic rat

Cited by 31 publications

References 24 publications

Erythrocyte and Albumin Distribution in the Kidney Following Warm Ischemia

Erythrocyte and Albumin Distribution in the Kidney Following Warm Ischemia

Development of a Physiologically Based Computational Kidney Model to Describe the Renal Excretion of Hydrophilic Agents in Rats

Renal Transplantation in the Rat: III. The Effect of Colloidal and Non-colloidal Perforates on the Clearing of Blood from the in vitro Perfuse Rat Kidney

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