Intraspecific attachment in adult domestic dogs (Canis familiaris): Preliminary results

Influence of morning maternal care on the behavioural responses of 8-week-old Beagle puppies to new environmental and social stimuli

“…This might be explained by the fact that some of the objects of the arena and the social stimulus were not within the puppies' experience. With respect to social stimuli, it has been found that adult dogs that have been socialized with people are attracted to a person, even if that person is unfamiliar (Kaulfuss and Mills, 2008;Topál et al, 2005), and socialization has an ameliorative effect in alleviating the distress caused by isolation in a novel environment (Mariti et al, 2014;Mariti et al, 2013b;Pettijhon et al, 1977). This attraction to people increases with the level of socialization and with familiarity arising from previous social experiences (Mariti et al, 2014).…”

“…With respect to social stimuli, it has been found that adult dogs that have been socialized with people are attracted to a person, even if that person is unfamiliar (Kaulfuss and Mills, 2008;Topál et al, 2005), and socialization has an ameliorative effect in alleviating the distress caused by isolation in a novel environment (Mariti et al, 2014;Mariti et al, 2013b;Pettijhon et al, 1977). This attraction to people increases with the level of socialization and with familiarity arising from previous social experiences (Mariti et al, 2014). Since the interspecific socialisation of the puppies in this study was restricted to a small number of caregivers, exposure to a different unfamiliar person, particularly someone who was dressed differently from the caregivers with whom the puppies were accustomed, may not have exerted any attraction for the puppies, and may instead have alarmed or disoriented them.…”

“…Behaviours oriented to the enclosure (Modified from: Mariti et al, 2013aMariti et al, , 2013bMariti et al, , 2014 All active behaviours resulting in physical contact with the walls or metal fence, including scratching the walls or metal fence with the paws, jumping on the walls or the metal fence, pulling on the walls or the metal fence with the forelegs or the mouth (including chewing, biting, shaking).…”

“…(Modified from: Prato-Previde et al, 2003;Mariti et al, 2013aMariti et al, , 2013bMariti et al, , 2014 Approaching while clearly visually oriented to the stranger and entering in the central circle.…”

Effects of Stroking on Salivary Oxytocin and Cortisol in Guide Dogs: Preliminary Results

“…All active behaviors resulting in physical contact with the door, including scratching the door with the paws, jumping on the door, pulling on the door handle with the forelegs or mouth [48,51] Barking (SE) Sharp explosive vocalization [46,51] Howling (SE) Low-pitched, long-duration vocalization [46,52] Whining/Yelping (SE)…”