Intrathoracic Tracheal Rupture

Abstract

This paper reports five new cases of intrathoracic tracheal rupture in cats, and summarizes these cases in conjunction with 11 cases from the literature. Most cats had no obvious respiratory signs at the time of injury, and in half of them the tracheal rupture was the only injury. The interval from trauma to onset of dyspnoea ranged from 1 to 28 days (median 12.5 days). Radiographic findings include loss of continuity of the trachea, often with a gas-filled diverticulum present between separated tracheal rings. With careful attention to surgical technique and anaesthetic management the prognosis for these cats is excellent. All eight of the cats reported in the last 14 years having surgical correction survived and returned to normal. The surgical anatomy, approach and tracheal anastomosis technique is described and recommendations for anaesthetic management are made.

Pulmoner Kontüzyonlu Köpeklerde Pulmoner Enfeksiyon Riskinin Değerlendirilmesi

“…In presented cases, hematological results were not congruent with the pulmonary contusion, but blood gas analysis results had minimal parametric difference. The time between the trauma and formation of the clinical findings is about 1-28 days [26] . It was clearly seen in this study that there was a meaningful difference between the clinical and radiological grading of the pulmonary contusion in dogs.…”

Trachea and bronchus

“…Long-term resolution of clinical signs was documented in 18 of 20 cats treated with immediate repair or resection/anastomosis of the affected tracheal segment and followed for five months to seven years after surgery. [37][38][39][40] Two cats did not survive the surgical procedure.…”

“…[35][36][37][38][39][40] Separation of the tracheal wall usually occurs just cranial to the carina. Depending on the degree of disruption, signs of respiratory distress will be present immediately or will be delayed.…”

“…1,[40][41][42][43][44] The majority of reported injuries are associated with dental procedures and appear to be secondary to endotracheal tube cuff over-inflation. Most ruptures occur at the thoracic inlet, the site at which the endotracheal tube cuff is routinely placed.…”

“…1,31,40,50 Two cases of iatrogenic laryngeal paralysis have been reported, one associated with prosthetic tracheal ring placement 47 and the other with tracheal resection-anastomosis. 37 One of these cats had no obvious clinical signs and one developed exercise-related respiratory distress and stridor two months after surgery, which responded to conservative therapy.…”