Intratree Variation in Fruit Production and Implications for Primate Foraging

Houle, Alain; Chapman, Colin A.; Vickery, William L.

doi:10.1007/s10764-007-9214-9

Cited by 57 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…For these species, the Kibale individuals are on average 2.5‰ higher in d 13 C values than those of the Ituri, compatible with the Ituri Forest having a more closed canopy. Even with a less continuous canopy than the Ituri, the Kibale forest upper crown receives almost twice as much light as the lower crown [24], but despite the height gradient in irradiance stress, carbon values of Kibale tooth enamel do not reflect differences in canopy feeding height. Within primates, both chimpanzees and black-and-white colobus feed primarily below 13 m, whereas redtails and red colobus feed primarily above 13 m, with red colobus spending more time above 25 m than any of the other monkeys [25 -28].…”

Section: Results and Discussion (A) Kibale Fauna Isotopic Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Chimpanzee fauna isotopes provide new interpretations of fossil ape and hominin ecologies

Nelson

2013

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Carbon and oxygen stable isotopes within modern and fossil tooth enamel record the aspects of an animal's diet and habitat use. This investigation reports the first isotopic analyses of enamel from a large chimpanzee community and associated fauna, thus providing a means of comparing fossil ape and early hominin palaeoecologies with those of a modern ape. Within Kibale National Park forest, oxygen isotopes differentiate primate niches, allowing for the first isotopic reconstructions of degree of frugivory versus folivory as well as use of arboreal versus terrestrial resources. In a comparison of modern and fossil community isotopic profiles, results indicate that Sivapithecus, a Miocene ape from Pakistan, fed in the forest canopy, as do chimpanzees, but inhabited a forest with less continuous canopy or fed more on leaves. Ardipithecus, an early hominin from Ethiopia, fed both arboreally and terrestrially in a more open habitat than inhabited by chimpanzees.

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Section: Results and Discussion (A) Kibale Fauna Isotopic Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Chimpanzee fauna isotopes provide new interpretations of fossil ape and hominin ecologies

Nelson

2013

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…Second, high-ranking females may gain access to the best food resources when feeding with females in the same patch. At Kanyawara, fruit quality and abundance is higher at the top of tree crowns [86] and highranking females feed higher in the trees [87]. Third, high rank may afford females preferential access to areas with productive food resources and inhibit their use by subordinates.…”

Section: Female Competition Over Food Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female competition in chimpanzees

Pusey

Schroepfer-Walker

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Female chimpanzees exhibit exceptionally slow rates of reproduction and raise their offspring without direct paternal care. Therefore, their reproductive success depends critically on long-term access to high-quality food resources over a long lifespan. Chimpanzee communities contain multiple adult males, multiple adult females and their offspring. Because males are philopatric and jointly defend the community range while most females transfer to new communities before breeding, adult females are typically surrounded by unrelated competitors. Communities are fission-fusion societies in which individuals spend time alone or in fluid subgroups, whose size depends mostly on the abundance and distribution of food. To varying extents in different populations, females avoid direct competition by foraging alone or in small groups in distinct, but overlapping core areas within the community range to which they show high fidelity. Although rates of aggression are low, females compete for space and access to food. High rank correlates with high reproductive success, and high-ranking females win direct contests for food and gain preferential access to resource-rich sites. Females are aggressive to immigrant females and even kill the newborn infants of community members. The intensity of such aggression correlates with population density. These patterns are compared to those in other species, including humans.

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“…In chimpanzees, rough grunts will help listeners in taking energetically costly decisions as to whether or not to climb a tree. In addition, given the variation in fruit quality within a tree (Houle et al 2007), calls could inform listeners about the quality of different areas of a feeding patch, thus allowing them to maximise their foraging success.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of food-associated calls in wild male chimpanzees is dependent on the composition of the audience

Slocombe

Kaller

Turman³

et al. 2010

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

110

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Chimpanzees produce acoustically distinct calls when encountering food. Previous research on a number of species has indicated that food-associated calls are relatively widespread in animal communication, and the production of these calls can be influenced by both ecological and social factors. Here, we investigate the factors influencing the production of food-associated calls in wild chimpanzees and examine whether male chimpanzees produce food-associated calls selectively in the presence of important social partners. Male chimpanzees form stable long-term social relationships with each other, and these social bonds are vital in enabling a range of cooperative activities, such as group hunting and territory defence. Our data show that males were significantly more likely to produce food-associated calls if an important social partner was nearby, regardless of the size of the audience or the presence of oestrus females. Call production was also mediated by the size of the food patch and by whether or not the food could be monopolised. The presence of important social partners explained most of the variation in male calling behaviour, indicating that food-associated calls are socially directed and serve a bonding function.

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Intratree Variation in Fruit Production and Implications for Primate Foraging

Cited by 57 publications

References 49 publications

Chimpanzee fauna isotopes provide new interpretations of fossil ape and hominin ecologies

Chimpanzee fauna isotopes provide new interpretations of fossil ape and hominin ecologies

Female competition in chimpanzees

Production of food-associated calls in wild male chimpanzees is dependent on the composition of the audience

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