2011
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029020
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Intratumoral Injection of Propionibacterium acnes Suppresses Malignant Melanoma by Enhancing Th1 Immune Responses

Abstract: Malignant melanoma (MM) is an aggressive cutaneous malignancy associated with poor prognosis; many putatively therapeutic agents have been administered, but with mostly unsuccessful results. Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is an aerotolerant anaerobic gram-positive bacteria that causes acne and inflammation. After being engulfed and processed by phagocytes, P. acnes induces a strong Th1-type cytokine immune response by producing cytokines such as IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF-α. The characteristic Th2-mediated aller… Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
1
1
1
1

Citation Types

0
28
0
2

Year Published

2013
2013
2023
2023

Publication Types

Select...
9
1

Relationship

0
10

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 33 publications
(30 citation statements)
references
References 25 publications
0
28
0
2
Order By: Relevance
“…Moreover, P. acnes is rarely identified as a cause of significant infection (11). In the present study, P. acnes induced biological effects that modulate the innate and acquired immune responses, causing increased phagocytic and tumoricidal activities in macrophages (12)(13)(14), increased antibody responses (15,16), and increased resistance to different pathogens (15,17). Therefore, the use of P. acnes and its components as immune enhancers and antineoplastic agents has become a focus in clinical and basic research.…”
mentioning
confidence: 81%
“…Moreover, P. acnes is rarely identified as a cause of significant infection (11). In the present study, P. acnes induced biological effects that modulate the innate and acquired immune responses, causing increased phagocytic and tumoricidal activities in macrophages (12)(13)(14), increased antibody responses (15,16), and increased resistance to different pathogens (15,17). Therefore, the use of P. acnes and its components as immune enhancers and antineoplastic agents has become a focus in clinical and basic research.…”
mentioning
confidence: 81%
“…Intratumoral inoculation of 3 mg of heat-killed Propionibacterium acnes in subcutaneous melanoma could promote local and systemic Th1 and Tc1 responses associated with in situ granuloma formation and tumor regression. 67 P. acnes is recognized by TLR2 on monocytes, macrophages and DCs, leading to the activation of IL-12 promotor. 68 Therefore, it is conceivable that certain commensals be involved in the natural immunosurveillance of malignancies exposed to the portals of entry (such as ulcerated melanoma).…”
Section: The Adjuvant Effects Of Bacteria Against Cancermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Immunotherapy as intratumoral therapy has also been investigated: (a) Propionibacterium acnes induces immunestimulation by increasing interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ,77 (b) secondary lymphoid chemokine and unmethylated cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine-oligodeoxynucleotide were used to mobilize lymphocytes and dendritic cells and increased the infiltration of CD4 + T-cells and CD11c + cells in the tumor mass with observed reduction in tumor mass,78 (c) hu14.18-interleukin-2 administration resulted in increased natural killer (NK) group 2, member D receptors on intratumoral NKG2A/C/E + NKp46 + NK cells,79 (d) OK-432 efficiently suppressed metastatic squamous cell carcinoma lesion by inducing interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α,80 (e) pre-treatment with cyclophosphamide and oligodeoxynucleotides plus rituximab enhanced immune activation against tumor cells and reduced tumor evolution,81 (f) dendritic cells and dendritic cells plus cyclophosphamide or paclitaxel at low doses enhanced immune system activation,82,83 (g) anti-gal antibody injection 84. Furthermore, several biomarkers were used specifically in intratumoral therapies as independent predictive factors, such as T cells and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an inhibitor of lovastatin, as a formulation that blocks local metastasis after irradiation 85…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%