“…While OCT has technological origins traceable to ultrafast laser development and fiber optic system test instrumentation of the 1980's, innovations in low coherence interferometry for optical ranging and imaging for biomedical applications in the U.S., Europe and Japan by the early 1990's led to coinage of the now widely known term OCT in 1991 [1]. As discussed in the following cited Invited Review and Invited Research articles in this issue, remarkable strides have since been made in OCT technology encompassing novel light sources [2], imaging system architectures [3,4], and sample/patient interface technologies including endoscopic [5], catheter-based [6], intra-operative [7], adaptive-optic [8][9][10], computational [11] and microscope-based [12] implementations. Functional extensions of OCT have been developed featuring polarization-based [13], Doppler [14], elastographic [15], tractographic [16], spectroscopic [17,18] multi-modal [19] and angiographic [8,20,21] contrast, the latter of which has taken on particular current excitement and topically comprises the plurality of articles published in this Issue.…”