Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis: Role in cancer development and prognosis

Kashyap, Dharambir; Garg, Vivek Kumar; Goel, Neelam

doi:10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.01.003

Cited by 200 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 220 publications

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“…autophagy and apoptosis) occurs in physiological conditions in order to preserve the organism’s homeostasis. However, in cancer cells these pathways are impaired, especially after drug treatment ( 82 , 83 ).…”

Section: Other Functions Of Plk1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Present and Future Perspective on PLK1 Inhibition in Cancer Treatment

Chiappa

Petrella²,

Damia³

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is the principle member of the well conserved serine/threonine kinase family. PLK1 has a key role in the progression of mitosis and recent evidence suggest its important involvement in regulating the G2/M checkpoint, in DNA damage and replication stress response, and in cell death pathways. PLK1 expression is tightly spatially and temporally regulated to ensure its nuclear activation at the late S-phase, until the peak of expression at the G2/M-phase. Recently, new roles of PLK1 have been reported in literature on its implication in the regulation of inflammation and immunological responses. All these biological processes are altered in tumors and, considering that PLK1 is often found overexpressed in several tumor types, its targeting has emerged as a promising anti-cancer therapeutic strategy. In this review, we will summarize the evidence suggesting the role of PLK1 in response to DNA damage, including DNA repair, cell cycle progression, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cell death pathways and cancer-related immunity. An update of PLK1 inhibitors currently investigated in preclinical and clinical studies, in monotherapy and in combination with existing chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted therapies will be discussed.

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Section: Other Functions Of Plk1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Present and Future Perspective on PLK1 Inhibition in Cancer Treatment

Chiappa

Petrella²,

Damia³

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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“…Once the apoptotic signaling pathways are activated a caspase cascade will occur ( 43 ). It is currently considered that at least three signaling pathways are related to the occurrence of apoptosis: i) The intrinsic (mitochondrial) signaling pathway; ii) the extrinsic (death receptor) signaling pathway; and iii) the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related signaling pathway, of which the first two are recognized as the main apoptotic signaling pathways in most cells ( 44 ).…”

Section: Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon‑α and its effects on cancer cell apoptosis (Review)

Shi

et al. 2022

Oncol Lett

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Interferon (IFN)-α is a cytokine that exhibits a wide range of biological activities and is used in various cancer treatments. It regulates numerous genes that serve roles in antiviral, antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities. For decades, one of the main aspects of clinical oncology has been the development of anticancer therapeutics that promote the effective elimination of cancer cells via apoptosis. However, the updated available information concerning IFN-α-induced cancer cell apoptosis needs to be assembled, so as to provide an improved theoretical reference for the basic scientific research and clinical treatment of malignant tumors. Therefore, the present review focuses on the potential effects of IFN-α in inducing cancer cell apoptosis. The biological characteristics of IFN-α, the apoptotic signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of apoptosis caused by IFN-α are discussed in different types of cancer cells. The present review provided a comprehensive understanding of the effects of IFN-α on cancer cell apoptosis, which will aid in developing more efficient strategies to effectively control the progression of certain cancers.

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“…The apoptotic cell death mechanism can be initiated by various stimuli (e.g., physiological and pathological stimuli), it is worth noting that not all cells undergo the same pathway of cell death ( Elmore, 2007 ). Two major apoptotic pathways (intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways) have reported to play a crucial role in the regulation of tumor cell population ( Kashyap et al, 2021 ). The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is mainly initiated by conditions of extracellular environment that interact and trigger death ligand to induce apoptosis ( Fulda and Debatin, 2006 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dicoma anomala Enhances Phthalocyanine Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

2022

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Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women, and it is regarded as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The present study investigated phytochemical profiling, in vitro anticancer effects of Dicoma anomala methanol root extract and its enhancing effects in phthalocyanine mediated PDT on MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22™) breast cancer cells. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS2) was used to identify the secondary metabolites in the crude extract. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the two experimental models was established from dose response studies 24 h post-treatment with D. anomala methanol root extract (25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) and ZnPcS4 (5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 μM) mediated PDT. The inverted microscope was used to analyze morphological changes, trypan blue exclusion assay for viability, and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-propidium iodide (PI) for cell death mechanisms. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to investigate the qualitative expression of the Bax, p53, and caspase 3 apoptotic proteins. Experiments were performed 4 times (n = 4) and SPSS version 27 software was used to analyze statistical significances. D. anomala methanol root extract induced cell death in MCF-7 cells by decreasing cell viability. The combination of D. anomala methanol root extract and ZnPcS4 mediated PDT led to a significant increase in apoptotic activities, expression of Bax, and p53 with significant decrease in cell viability. These findings pinpoint the possibility of D. anomala methanol root extract of being employed as a natural antiproliferative agent in the treatment of various cancers.

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Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis: Role in cancer development and prognosis

Cited by 200 publications

References 220 publications

Present and Future Perspective on PLK1 Inhibition in Cancer Treatment

Present and Future Perspective on PLK1 Inhibition in Cancer Treatment

Interferon‑α and its effects on cancer cell apoptosis (Review)

Dicoma anomala Enhances Phthalocyanine Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

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