1995
DOI: 10.1007/bf01090977
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Intrinsic photorefractive centers in LiNbO3:Fe

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Cited by 10 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…The lithium content c Li was determined by EPR and Raman measurements and by analysis of optical birefringence and second-harmonic generation efficiency [12,13]. We also investigated LiNbO 3 :Fe crystals co-doped with magnesium and zinc [14,15], because these co-dopants are known to reduce optical damage effects [6]. Table 1 summarizes important parameters of the used crystals.…”
Section: Crystalsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The lithium content c Li was determined by EPR and Raman measurements and by analysis of optical birefringence and second-harmonic generation efficiency [12,13]. We also investigated LiNbO 3 :Fe crystals co-doped with magnesium and zinc [14,15], because these co-dopants are known to reduce optical damage effects [6]. Table 1 summarizes important parameters of the used crystals.…”
Section: Crystalsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…High intensities often occur in the nonlinear devices mentioned above, for example when laser pulses, focused CW laser beams or optical waveguides are utilized. New effects arise, among them light-induced absorption changes and an enhancement of the photorefractive sensitivity [2][3][4][5][6], which can significantly influence the performance of the devices. These effects are explained by a two-centre model with Fe 2+/3+ as a deep and the intrinsic defect Nb 4+/5+ Li as a more shallow centre [7].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, von der Linde and Schirmer found that two-photon photorefractive recording in undoped LiNbO 3 crystals is accompanied by an ESR signal of Nb 4+ polarons and a broad optical absorption band [7]. More recently it was found that the intrinsic polaron contributes to the holographic sensitivity, the refractive index change, light-induced absorption and photoconductivity in LiNbO 3 :Fe crystals when the crystals are illuminated with high-intensity YAG:Nd laser pulses [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In these materials shallow levels have been identified [22,23]. They Li antisite defects (Nb 5+ or Ta 5+ on Li + site), which are present in great quantities in congruent crystals.…”
Section: Two-step Excitation Via Shallow Levelsmentioning
confidence: 98%