Intrinsic primary afferent neurons and nerve circuits within the intestine

Furness, John B.; Jones, C. Hanfield; Nurgali, Kulmira; Clerc, Nadine

doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2003.12.004

Cited by 414 publications

(548 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…They are properly referred to as intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs) and are separate from the extrinsic primary afferent neurons whose cell bodies are in dorsal root or nodose ganglia [10]. In this review we will simply refer to them as sensory neurons.…”

Section: Enteric Intrinsic Primary Afferent Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purinergic receptors and synaptic transmission in enteric neurons

Ren

Bertrand

2007

Purinergic Signalling

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Purines such as ATP and adenosine participate in synaptic transmission in the enteric nervous system as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators. Purinergic receptors are localized on the cell bodies or nerve terminals of different functional classes of enteric neurons and, with other receptors, form unique receptor complements. Activation of purinergic receptors can regulate neuronal activity by depolarization, by regulating intracellular calcium, or by modulating second messenger pathways. Purinergic signaling between enteric neurons plays an important role in regulating specific enteric reflexes and overall gastrointestinal function. In the present article, we review evidence for purine receptors in the enteric nervous system, including P1 (adenosine) receptors and P2 (ATP) receptors. We will explore the role they play in mediating fast and slow synaptic transmission and in presynaptic inhibition of transmission. Finally, we will examine the molecular properties of the native receptors, their signaling mechanisms, and their role in gastrointestinal pathology. Keywords

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Section: Enteric Intrinsic Primary Afferent Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purinergic receptors and synaptic transmission in enteric neurons

Ren

Bertrand

2007

Purinergic Signalling

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“…Focusing on this aspect was motivated by the fact that latter neurons are likely intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs), which address their firing to all other type myenteric neurons and thus influence the patterns of motility, secretion of fluid across the mucosal epithelium and local blood flow in the intestine. 9 We particularly detail the biophysical properties of a set of channels found to conduct inward currents and specify their roles in electrical states of the neuronal membrane critical for switching between the firing modes. For that we use families of simulated momentary I-Vs of the total transmembrane current and its inward components that allow detecting types and life-times of the dynamical states, which determine firing signature of the neurons under study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The momentary I-Vs became close to steady-state ones in about 2 to 4 ms for I NaTTX-S and I Nav1.5 , 50 ms for I CaN and more than 300 ms for I Nav1. 9 . In these characteristic times, I Nav1.5 and I Nav1.9 acquired typical properties of "window" currents (although at very different rates, in about 9 and 240 ms, respectively (Fig.…”

Section: Inward Currents Rule Dynamics Of Momentary I-vs Of the Myentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic excitation states and firing patterns are controlled by sodium channel kinetics in myenteric neurons: a simulation study

et al. 2014

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E nteric neurons located in the gastrointestinal tract are of particular importance to control digestive functions such as motility and secretion. In our recent publication, we showed that mouse myenteric neurons exhibit 2 types of tetrodotoxin-resistant Na C currents: a fast inactivating Na C current produced by Nav1.5 channels, present in nearly all myenteric neurons, and a persistent Na C current attributed to Nav1.9 channels, restricted to the intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs). By combination of experimental recording and computer simulation we found that Nav1.5 contributed to the upstroke velocity of action potentials (APs), whereas Nav1.9 opposed AP repolarization. Here, we detailed the Na C , Ca 2C and K C currents used in our computational model of IPAN. We refined the prototype cell to reproduce the sustained firing pattern recorded in situ. As shown in experimental conditions we demonstrated that Nav1.9 channels critically determine the up-state life-time and thus, are essential to sustain tonic firing.

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“…Intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs) are the first link of enteric reflex circuits (Furness et al, 2004a). Morphologically, they are Dogiel type II neurons (Dogiel, 1899;Stach, 1989;Furness et al, 2004a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morphologically, they are Dogiel type II neurons (Dogiel, 1899;Stach, 1989;Furness et al, 2004a). These neurons usually have smoothly contoured cell bodies, no short processes (''nondendritic''), but display one branching or several long processes (''pseudouni-or multiaxonal'').…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcitonin Gene‐Related Peptide: A Marker for Putative Primary Afferent Neurons in the Pig Small Intestinal Myenteric Plexus?

Wolf

Schrödl

Neuhuber

et al. 2007

The Anatomical Record

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For years, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been used as a marker peptide for Dogiel type II neurons, putative intrinsic primary afferent neurons, in the pig enteric nervous system. Recently, some studies showed CGRP-positive neurons displaying distinctly different shapes. The aims of this study were to evaluate (1) the proportion of myenteric type II neurons that contain CGRP and (2) the proportion of myenteric CGRP-positive neurons that display type II vs. non-type II morphologies and to conclude if this peptide could be suited as a marker for type II neurons. For this purpose, nine myenteric whole-mounts (each one from duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, respectively, derived from three pigs) were triple-immunostained for CGRP, neurofilaments (NF), and choline acetyl transferase (ChAT). Each whole-mount was evaluated twice. First, 50 NF-stained type II neurons were selected randomly and their coreactivities for CGRP and ChAT were observed. Second, 50 CGRP-positive neurons were located randomly and their NF morphology and ChAT coreactivity were observed. Altogether, 92% of all type II neurons investigated displayed CGRP immunoreactivity, whereas 94.9% of all CGRP-reactive neurons recorded displayed type II morphology. We observed three further shapes of CGRP-positive neurons: 7 type V neurons (all were ChAT-positive; mainly in the ileal whole-mounts), 6 type I-like neurons (all were ChAT-positive), and 14 type III-like neurons (mostly ChAT-negative; mainly in duodenal and jejunal specimens). We conclude that CGRP-antibodies can be used as markers for type II neurons in the pig small intestinal myenteric plexus in quantitative studies but it should be kept in mind that up to one-tenth of CGRP-reactive neurons may be nontype II neurons. In case of single cell evaluation, CGRP-immunoreactivity alone is not suited as a marker. In such cases additional, morphological analysis is necessary.

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Intrinsic primary afferent neurons and nerve circuits within the intestine

Cited by 414 publications

References 150 publications

Purinergic receptors and synaptic transmission in enteric neurons

Purinergic receptors and synaptic transmission in enteric neurons

Dynamic excitation states and firing patterns are controlled by sodium channel kinetics in myenteric neurons: a simulation study

Calcitonin Gene‐Related Peptide: A Marker for Putative Primary Afferent Neurons in the Pig Small Intestinal Myenteric Plexus?

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