Electoral geographies I: maps and power…I well remember a conversation I had, as a callow final year undergraduate, with Ronan during the 1983 UK General Election campaign. The conversation took placeas was common thenin the pub after, if memory serves, a meeting of the Glasgow University Geographical Society (who was giving that evening's lecture, and what it was on, are sadly lost in the mists of time: reader, if you were the speaker, I apologise!). I fancied myself as a bit of a radical, and was holding forth on the prospects for Michael Foot's Labour party. Like some Labour supporters in more recent elections fought by more recent (and even more unelectable) Labour leaders, I argued (more in hope than anything else) that Foot could still beat Mrs Thatcher's Conservatives. After all the policies were so much more attractive than the Conservatives' offer. The Conservatives had presided over deep recession, high inflation and unemployment, and the hollowing out of manufacturing industry. Foot's rallies (against nuclear weapons, against unemployment, etc.) drew large and enthusiastic crowds. And the only poll that mattered was the final vote in election day itself. There was all to play for. Voters would be persuaded by the forces of light, reason and justice, and Mrs T would be swept from office, consumed by a crisis of capitalism her government's policies had done so much to exacerbate.Ronan's response was gentle, but on the money: "I'm not so sure…". He then elaborated his reasons for (deep) scepticism regarding Labour's chances. There was a deep split on the centre-left between Labour and the Liberal-SDP Alliance. Michael Foot's personal ratings with voters were dire: he was seen variously as an unreconstructed member of the far left, as too old and infirm for the top job in UK politics, and evenfor some on the leftas too much of a turncoat from the true path of socialism after his period in government under Wilson and Callaghan. Add to that the Falkland Effect, the beginning of economic recovery in the south and midlands, and the Conservatives'' massive 20-point poll lead, and the outcome was all but certaina sweeping Conservative majority, a thumping Labour defeat (from the perspective of 2019/20, plus ça change…!).Needless to say, Ronan was right, I was wrong. I'd taken to heart half of Gramsci's famous aphorism: optimism of the will. But Ronan knew this was no good unless tied to the other halfpessimism of the intellect. It was an object (though well taught and supportive -Ronan discussed it as though between equals) lesson. Look the facts square in the face, and see them for what they are, not for what you hope they might be.