The paper presents an overview on some specificities of philosophical and of sociological approaches to religion. Among the chosen philosophical epistemological models are described: religion as universum (F.Schleiermacher, G.W.F.Hegel); the anthropocentric approach; the religion interpreted as a moral phenomenon (I.Kant); religion within the framework of dichotomies of human nature (E.Fromm, P.Tillich). The author presents and comments a few aspects of the J.Beckford's analysis of problems and trends in the sociology of religion. The latest development in the Cognitive science of religion (CSR) are emphasized.