Introduction

Wapner, Seymour; Demick, Jack; Yamamoto, Takiji; Takahashi, Takashi

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0286-3_1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The public prefabricated houses afforded very little privacy from neighbors because of their thin walls, and many suffered from poor insulation during winter. 6 , 34 Such living conditions may have caused friction between residents of the temporary villages and disrupted cognitive social capital, even among those who experienced group relocation. The second mass relocation occurred when the trailer home village was closed down by the city in April 2016—

after the disaster.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Associations between Disaster-Related Home Loss and Health and Well-Being of Older Survivors: Nine Years after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami

Shiba

Hikichi

Okuzono

et al. 2022

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Little research has examined associations between disaster-related home loss and multiple domains of health and well-being, with extended long-term follow-up and comprehensive adjustment for pre-disaster characteristics of survivors. Objectives: We examined the longitudinal associations between disaster-induced home loss and 34 indicators of health and well-being, assessed post-disaster. Methods: We used data from a preexisting cohort study of Japanese older adults in an area directly impacted by the 2011 Japan Earthquake ( and , depending on the outcomes). The study was initiated in 2010, and disaster-related home loss status was measured in 2013 retrospectively. The 34 outcomes were assessed in 2020 and covered dimensions of physical health, mental health, health behaviors/sleep, social well-being, cognitive social capital, subjective well-being, and prosocial/altruistic behaviors. We estimated the associations between disaster-related home loss and the outcomes, using targeted maximum likelihood estimation and SuperLearner. We adjusted for pre-disaster characteristics from the wave conducted 7 months before the disaster (i.e., 2010), including prior outcome values that were available. Results: After Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, we found that home loss (vs. no home loss) was associated with increased posttraumatic stress symptoms ( ; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.65), increased daily sleepiness (0.38; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.54), lower trust in the community ( ; 95% CI: , ), lower community attachment ( ; 95% CI: , ), and lower prosociality ( ; 95% CI: , ). We found modest evidence for the associations with increased depressive symptoms, increased hopelessness, more chronic conditions, higher body mass index, lower perceived mutual help in the community, and decreased happiness. There was little evidence for associations with the remaining 23 outcomes. Discussion: Home loss due to a disaster may have long-lasting adverse impacts on the cognitive social capital, mental health, and prosociality of older adult survivors. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10903

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after the disaster.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Associations between Disaster-Related Home Loss and Health and Well-Being of Older Survivors: Nine Years after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami

Shiba

Hikichi

Okuzono

et al. 2022

Environ Health Perspect

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“…"… [the] situation differs from the other two in both the levels of analysis and disciplinary foci. In terms of levels of analysis, situation is typically conceptualized at the intermediate level, while stimulus is at the micro level concerned with a specific object that gives rise to the organism's response (Sells, 1963), and environment is at the macro level concerned with the aggregate of larger physical and psychological conditions that influence human behaviors (Wapner & Demick, 2002). Thus, the concept of situations can be considered at the level between stimulus and environment, such that a stimulus may be a part of a situation, and a situation may be a part of the environment."…”

Section: An Attempt To Clarify the Terminology: Is It Situation Ecolo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A dialectic on validity: Explanation-focused and the many ways of being human

ZUMBO

2023

International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education

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In line with the journal volume’s theme, this essay considers lessons from the past and visions for the future of test validity. In the first part of the essay, a description of historical trends in test validity since the early 1900s leads to the natural question of whether the discipline has progressed in its definition and description of test validity. There is no single agreed-upon definition of test validity; however, there is a marked coalescing of explanation-centered views at the meta-level. The second part of the essay focuses on the author's development of an explanation-focused view of validity theory with aligned validation methods. The confluence of ideas that motivated and influenced the development of a coherent view of test validity as the explanation for the test score variation and validation is the process of developing and testing the explanation guided by abductive methods and inference to the best explanation. This description also includes a new re-interpretation of true scores in classical test theory afforded by the author’s measure-theoretic mental test theory development—for a particular test-taker, the variation in observed test-taker scores includes measurement error and variation attributable to the different ecological testing settings, which aligns with the explanation-focused view wherein item and test performance are the object of explanatory analyses. The final main section of the essay describes several methodological innovations in explanation-focused validity that are in response to the tensions and changes in assessment in the last 25 years.

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Introduction

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Long-Term Associations between Disaster-Related Home Loss and Health and Well-Being of Older Survivors: Nine Years after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami

Long-Term Associations between Disaster-Related Home Loss and Health and Well-Being of Older Survivors: Nine Years after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami

A dialectic on validity: Explanation-focused and the many ways of being human

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