This study examines the values held by mothers in Japan, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Mainland for their handicapped and nonhandlcapped preschoolers in the contexts of home and school. In order to study values, mothers from the three cultures were asked to rank twelve value items relating to four value areas: physical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and sociocultural.The value rankings were different in the three cultures and depended upon the home and school contexts. The presence of a diagnosed orthopedic and/or neurological impairment in the child had no overall effect on value ratings but did interact with culture and context to influence mothers' values.The purpose of this study is to examine the values that mothers in Japan, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Mainland hold for their handicapped and nonhandicapped youngsters in the home and in the preschool setting. Values are defined in terms of the relative importance that

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Cultural differences in automobile safety belt use were investigated prior to and following the initiation of mandatory safety belt legislation in two independent studies, one in Massachusetts (United States) and the second in Hiroshima (Japan). Comparison of the pattern of findings in these studies indicated cultural differences over time. In both sociocultural contexts, there was an increase in drivers' use of safety belts on the highway and in the city from the test occasion prior to passage of the law to the test occasion immediately following legislation. However, whereas the usage rates began to level off and remained constant or increased further in Hiroshima, they continued to decrease steadily in Massachusetts. Further, a significant number of the Massachusetts participants voiced their concern that mandatory safety belt legislation was an invasion of privacy/infringement on human rights, which ultimately resulted in repeal of the legislation and further decrease in safety belt use. No parallel phenomenon was manifest among the Japanese.

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