Introduction and Site Description

Heal, O. W.; Smith, R. A. H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-66760-2_1

Cited by 44 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Other workers (Heal et al 1978) have noted that the rate of decomposition in bogs differs among plant species, but this was not evaluated in this study. Instead, by collecting litter at the,bog surface, composite multi-species samples containing remains of both moss and litter from higher plants were used.…”

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confidence: 81%

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Mass Loss in a Forested Bog: Relation to Hummock and Hollow Microrelief

Farrish¹,

Grigal²

1985

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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confidence: 81%

“…Further, solution and particulate gains also occur. Although fine-mesh bags such as those used here minimize particulate transfers, they may also alter the microenvironment of the sample and exclude important soil fauna (Heal et al 1978). Despite these problems, mesh bags are a common method for estimation of relative rates of decomposition.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mass Loss in a Forested Bog: Relation to Hummock and Hollow Microrelief

Farrish¹,

Grigal²

1985

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…Inter-stratified peat and clay layers beneath the blanket peat are also common reflecting the onset of soil development in the post glacial period. Over 90% of the catchment is overlain with blanket or eroded peat (Dystric Histosol) at depths of roughly 1-4 m (Heal and Smith 1978), and there are small areas of skeletal, limestone and alluvial soils. Vegetation is dominated by heather (Calluna vulgaris), cotton grass (Eriophorum spp.)…”

Section: Field Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and ages of dissolved organic matter in peatland streams: evidence from chemistry mixture modelling and radiocarbon data

et al. 2010

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Monitoring data over the period 1994-2007 were analysed for three streams (Cottage Hill Sike, CHS; Rough Sike, RS; Trout Beck, TB) draining blanket peat underlain by glacial clay and limestone-rich sub-strata at Moor House (Northern England). Dissolved organic carbon concentration, [DOC], showed complex relationships with both discharge and calcium concentration, [Ca]. A model based on [Ca] was constructed to simulate stream [DOC] by mixing dissolved organic matter (DOM) from shallow peat, quantified by measured [DOC](15-30 mg l -1 ) in peat porewater, with DOM assumed to be present at a constant concentration (c. 5 mg l -1 ) in groundwater. A temperature-based adjustment to the measured porewater [DOC] was required to account for relatively low streamwater [DOC] during winter and spring. The fitted model reproduced short-term variation in streamwater [DOC] satisfactorily, in particular variability in RS and TB due to groundwater contributions. Streamwater DOM is largely derived from surface peat, which accounts for more than 96% of the total DOC flux in both RS and TB, and 100% in CHS. Model outputs were combined with streamwater and porewater DO 14 C data to estimate the 14 C contents, and thereby the ages, of DOM from peat and groundwater. The peat-derived DOM is 5 years old on average, with most of it very recently formed. The derived age of groundwater DOM (8,500 years) is comparable to the 4,000-7,000 years estimated from the DO 14 C of water extracts of clay underlying the peat, suggesting that the clay is the source of groundwater DOM.

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“…The experiment is located at Hard Hill (Latitude 54° 41.5′ N, Longitude 2° 24.6′ W); on a gently‐sloping, high‐level plateau at an altitude of 600–650 m within the Moor House National Nature Reserve in the northern Pennines, England (Heal & Smith, ). The vegetation overlying the experimental areas is dominated by C. vulgaris , Eriophorum vaginatum , and Sphagnum spp., and would be classified as M19 ( C. vulgaris – E. vaginatum blanket mire) in the British National Vegetation Classification (Rodwell, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of rotational prescribed burning and sheep grazing on moorland plant communities: Results from a 60‐year intervention experiment

et al. 2018

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The effect of prescribed burning for conservation management of plant communities is controversial for moorlands growing on peat. These ecosystems provide many services that may be damaged by fire, hence it is important to fully assess its impact on all aspects of ecosystem structure and function experimentally over relatively long time‐scales. This paper describes change in community composition, major plant species, and plant functional types on moorland on peat in upland Britain over 60 years subject to 3 burning treatments after an initial burn in 1954/1955: no further burn and burning at 10‐ and 20‐year intervals (all ± sheep grazing). Data were analysed using multivariate and univariate methods. Vegetation composition and individual species abundance reflected the degree of disturbance. The least disturbed was dominated by Calluna vulgaris and pleurocarpous mosses, whereas the most disturbed treatment (burned every 10 years) had greater Eriophorum vaginatum, Sphagnum spp., acrocarpous mosses, liverworts, and lichens. The 20‐year treatment was intermediate in response disturbance. Repeated burning increased species abundance‐weighted Ellenberg values for moisture, reaction, light through time, and fertility; the exception was the 10‐year rotation for fertility. These confirm that prescribed burning is not deleterious to peat‐forming species (Eriophorum spp. and Sphagnum spp.), indeed these species were found in greater abundance in frequently burned treatments. It also confirms that a no‐burn policy will lead to increasing dominance of C. vulgaris, a flammable, fire‐adapted shrub, which increases summer wildfire risk. These results inform conservation management policy for moorland vegetation growing on peat; for this site, a 20‐year prescribed burning rotation is recommended.

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Introduction and Site Description

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Mass Loss in a Forested Bog: Relation to Hummock and Hollow Microrelief

Mass Loss in a Forested Bog: Relation to Hummock and Hollow Microrelief

Sources and ages of dissolved organic matter in peatland streams: evidence from chemistry mixture modelling and radiocarbon data

Effects of rotational prescribed burning and sheep grazing on moorland plant communities: Results from a 60‐year intervention experiment

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