Introduction of gallium in HZSM5 and HY zeolites by post-synthesis treatment with trimethylgallium

Bayense, C.R.; Hooff, J.H.C. van; Haan, J.W. de; Ven, L.J.M. van de; Kentgens, A.P.M.

doi:10.1007/bf00766158

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Bayense et al introduced gallium into H-ZSM-5 and H-Y zeolites by a postsynthesis treatment with trimethylgallium. A problem for the selective introduction of framework gallium into the zeolite structures is the undesired reaction of trimethylgallium with the silanol groups on the outer surface of the zeolite particles.…”

Section: Catalyst Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incorporation of Gallium into Zeolites: Syntheses, Properties and Catalytic Application

et al. 2000

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Section: Catalyst Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bayense et al found that highly dispersed gallium in the zeolite (framework or nonframework) possesses dehydrogenation activity.…”

Section: Participation Of Nonframework Gallium Species In the Activat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Gallium into Zeolites: Syntheses, Properties and Catalytic Application

et al. 2000

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“…High dispersion may be achieved by grafting a volatile molecular precursor onto the surface. GaMe 3 has been used in this way to prepare gallosilicate catalysts, − in which the resulting Ga sites were assumed to be isolated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Digallium Sites in the Reaction of Trimethylgallium with Silica

et al. 2006

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The room-temperature, gas−solid reaction of volatile GaMe3 with a nonporous silica was studied by elemental and gas-phase analysis, in situ IR and 1H, 13C, and 29Si solid-state NMR, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. Most of the grafting (∼85%) occurred on Q3 sites, O3SiOH, but a small amount (∼15%) of siloxane (O3SiO−SiO3) bond cleavage was also observed. The major, if not the only, gallium product has the empirical formula ⋮SiOGaMe2, but it is not an “isolated” site. The Ga K-edge EXAFS of GaMe3-modified silica, recorded at 10 K, reveals that each Ga has a Ga neighbor at 2.97−2.99 Å. The sites are best described as [GaMe2(μ-OSi⋮)]2. To strengthen this assignment, a molecular analogue, [GaMe2(μ-OSiPh3)]2, was characterized by both single-crystal X-ray diffraction and EXAFS. The Ga2O2 rings in the molecular complex and the silica-supported gallium dimer have very similar dimensions. The gallium dimer is formed on the silica surface regardless of the extent of partial dehydroxylation (varied by pretreatment in vacuo at 100 and 500 °C). This result is interpreted in terms of a vicinal disposition for the majority of Q3 grafting sites.

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“…Ga/ZSM-5 is the most effective aromatization catalyst, such as the C 3 –C 4 Cyclar process . Various methods including wet impregnation, , isomorphous substitution, , chemical vapor deposition, , and solid-state reaction , have been applied to introduce Ga into the micropores of ZSM-5 . However, segregated Ga 2 O 3 particles at the outer surface of the zeolite crystals were frequently formed, leading to a low Ga dispersion in Ga/ZSM-5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ga-Supported MFI Zeolites Synthesized Using Carbon Nanotubes Containing Gallium Oxide Nanoparticles on Exterior Walls and in Interior Channels as Hard Templates for Methanol Aromatization

Chang

Chen

Lee

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A combinative approach of steam-assisted crystallization and hard templating was employed to prepare mesostructured Ga/ZSM-5 catalysts. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) containing gallium oxide nanoparticles supported on the exterior surface and confined in the inner space were used as the templates. A comparative study showed that by using these two templates, the crystallinities, mesoporosities, and Ga coordination environments of mesostructured Ga/ZSM-5 catalysts were similar. However, a greater strength of Lewis acid of Ga/ZSM-5 was obtained using the GaO x -encapsulated CNTs as the template. Encapsulated GaO x was less reducible than those supported on the exterior surface of the CNTs, resulting in an increased concentration of isolated (GaO) + . Moreover, compared to pristine ZSM-5, the concentration of Brønsted acid was nearly intact by using GaO x -encapsulated CNTs as the templates. A better methanol aromatization performance was achieved by the Ga/ZSM-5 made by using GaO xencapsulated CNTs.

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Introduction of gallium in HZSM5 and HY zeolites by post-synthesis treatment with trimethylgallium

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Incorporation of Gallium into Zeolites: Syntheses, Properties and Catalytic Application

Incorporation of Gallium into Zeolites: Syntheses, Properties and Catalytic Application

Formation of Digallium Sites in the Reaction of Trimethylgallium with Silica

Ga-Supported MFI Zeolites Synthesized Using Carbon Nanotubes Containing Gallium Oxide Nanoparticles on Exterior Walls and in Interior Channels as Hard Templates for Methanol Aromatization

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