Introduction of human gammaherpesvirus 8 genotypes A, B, and C into Brazil from multiple geographic regions

Lopes, Amanda de Oliveira; Spitz, Natália; Martinelli, Katrini Guidolini; Paula, Anderson Vicente de; Toscano, Ana Luiza de Castro Conde; Braz‐Silva, Paulo Henrique; Netto, Juliana dos Santos Barbosa; Tozetto‐Mendoza, Tânia Regina; Paula, Vanessa Salete de

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197828

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Three cases of subtype A5 were from patients from South America origin and the 9 were from European origin (Spain). These data are consistent with previous studies that determined the presence of some subtypes A and C [ 14 , 19 ] and, in particular, subtype A5 in African countries [ 4 , 21 ]. However, the presence of 9 cases of A5 from patients of European origin (Spaniards) were remarkable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Significant subtype differences were observed in viral load, in particular, subtype C2 showed higher Ct values than subtype C3 while non-significant differences were observed amongst. Non-significant differences were previously described in other studies [16,19], although other authors found differences according to cell tropism [24]. It was also previously suggested that an association between HHV-8 subtypes and different tumour and pathogenic potentials [9,30].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 70%

“…Typing and phylogenetic analysis of HHV-8 were performed on 142 patients living in Spain with different clinical conditions from 15 of 17 Spanish regions for 9 years, which represents a reliable picture of HHV-8 subtypes in circulation. The molecular classification of HHV-8 strains was based on ORF K1 gen, which is commonly acknowledged in molecular studies focused on determination of the origin, genetic evolution, transmissibility, disease associations and epidemiology of the virus [ 19 – 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular epidemiology of Kaposi sarcoma virus in Spain

Gómez

Pérez-Vázquez²,

Tarragó³

2022

PLoS ONE

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Background Since human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection may be underestimated and HHV-8 subtype circulation in Spain remains unknown, a molecular epidemiologic study is highly desirable. Objectives This study aimed to analyse HHV-8 subtype diversity and their distribution in Spain. Study design The study included 142 HHV-8 infected patients. A nested PCR was developed in order to permit Sanger sequencing of HHV-8 K1 ORF directly from clinical samples received at the CNM from 2013 to 2021. Phylogenetic characterization was performed. Results Genotypes A and C comprised 55.6% and 42.3% of strains. Regarding subtypes, 25.4% of strains were C3, 19.7% were A3, 14.1% were A5, and C2, A1, A4, C1, A2, C7 were 11.3%, 11.3%, 8.5%, 4.2%, 2.1% and 1.4%, respectively. Subtype E1, E2 and B1 were found in only one patient each (0.7%). The Madrid region accounted for 52.1% of patients and showed a significantly different subtype distribution compared to the others (P = 0.018). Subtypes B1, E1, and E2 were observed to appear sporadically, although overall genotypes A and subtype C3 remained the most frequent and unwavering. Subtype A3 presented the highest diversity as displayed by the highest number of clusters in phylogenetic analysis. Non-significant differences in viral loads between genotypes were found, but significantly higher viral loads in subtype C2 compared to subtype C3 was found, while no significant subtype differences were observed between subtypes within genotype A. Infections with HHV-8 were detected in 94 (66.2%) patients without KS and compared to patients with KS non-significant differences in subtype distribution were found. Conclusions Subtype prevalence and regional distribution followed a similar pattern compared to other western European countries. Our study is the first to report HHV-8 subtypes E1 and E2 circulating in Europe that might be reflective of migration of population from Caribbean countries. Our study suggests that infection by HHV-8 is underestimated, and wider screening should be recommended for risk groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular epidemiology of Kaposi sarcoma virus in Spain

Gómez

Pérez-Vázquez²,

Tarragó³

2022

PLoS ONE

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“…The current protocol is a component of our previous studies on HIV-infected patients with and without Kaposi sarcoma (CAAE: 55771116.0.1001.0065) (14,15). Saliva samples from HIV-infected subjects undergoing ART were collected as part of a 2008 study of molecular characterization of herpesvirus human type 8 (HHV-8), the causal agent of Kaposi's sarcoma.…”

Section: Subjects and Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Torque Teno Virus Titer in Saliva Reflects the Level of Circulating CD4+ T Lymphocytes and HIV in Individuals Undergoing Antiretroviral Maintenance Therapy

et al. 2022

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IntroductionTorque teno virus (TTV) is a non-pathogenic virus present in body fluids. Its titer in the circulation increases in association with immune suppression, such as in HIV-infected individuals. We evaluated if the TTV titer in saliva from HIV-positive individuals undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) was related to the circulating CD4+ T lymphocyte concentration and the HIV titer.MethodsSaliva was collected from 276 asymptomatic individuals undergoing ART, and an additional 48 individuals positive for AIDS-associated Kaposi's Sarcoma (AIDS-KS). The salivary TTV titer was measured by gene amplification analysis. The circulating CD4+ T lymphocyte and HIV levels were obtained by chart review.ResultsTTV was detectable in saliva from 80% of the asymptomatic subjects and 87% of those with AIDS-KS. In the asymptomatic group the median log10 TTV titer/ml was 3.3 in 200 males vs. 2.4 in 76 females (p < 0.0001). TTV titer/ml was 3.7 when HIV was acquired by intravenous drug usage, 3.2 when by sexual acquisition and 2.4 when blood transfusion acquired. The salivary TTV titer was inversely correlated with the circulating CD4+ T lymphocyte level (p < 0.0001) and positively correlated with the circulating HIV concentration (p = 0.0005). The median salivary TTV titer and circulating HIV titer were higher, and the CD4+ count was lower, in individuals positive for AIDS-KS than in the asymptomatic subjects (p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe TTV titer in saliva is a potential biomarker for monitoring immune status in individuals undergoing ART.

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“…Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human gammaherpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), is the causative agent of several malignancies, including Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) [1]. KS is a multifocal malignancy that mainly affects endothelial cells and is responsible for remarkable morbidity and mortality worldwide, with 34,270 new cases and 15,086 deaths reported in 2020 [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Gammaherpesvirus 8 Oncogenes Associated with Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Lopes

Marinho

Medeiros

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human gammaherpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), contains oncogenes and proteins that modulate various cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis, and is integral to KSHV infection and oncogenicity. In this review, we describe the most important KSHV genes [ORF 73 (LANA), ORF 72 (vCyclin), ORF 71 or ORFK13 (vFLIP), ORF 74 (vGPCR), ORF 16 (vBcl-2), ORF K2 (vIL-6), ORF K9 (vIRF 1)/ORF K10.5, ORF K10.6 (vIRF 3), ORF K1 (K1), ORF K15 (K15), and ORF 36 (vPK)] that have the potential to induce malignant phenotypic characteristics of Kaposi’s sarcoma. These oncogenes can be explored in prospective studies as future therapeutic targets of Kaposi’s sarcoma.

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Introduction of human gammaherpesvirus 8 genotypes A, B, and C into Brazil from multiple geographic regions

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Molecular epidemiology of Kaposi sarcoma virus in Spain

Molecular epidemiology of Kaposi sarcoma virus in Spain

The Torque Teno Virus Titer in Saliva Reflects the Level of Circulating CD4+ T Lymphocytes and HIV in Individuals Undergoing Antiretroviral Maintenance Therapy

Human Gammaherpesvirus 8 Oncogenes Associated with Kaposi’s Sarcoma

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