Abstract:Laboratoire communication et politique, CNRS
INTRODUCTION Une discipline et l'université françaiseCe numéro d'Hermès est centré sur une discipline. Il s'attache à un exemple particulier, celui des Sciences de l'information et de la communication (couramment nommées Sic, sigle retenu ici, ou Infocom) discipline universitaire française créée en 1974. La démarche qu'on a été amené à suivre pour atteindre le résultat que voici a reposé sur un questionnement triple. Que sait-on des disciplines ? Que peut-on dire d'… Show more
“…Resist, as much as possible, the idea that objects, problems and methods could be the properties of specific disciplines . Interestingly, scholars outside of France have made similar observations that objects are not the properties of specific disciplines (Bawden, ; Buckland, , ; Floridi, , ). Capurro and Hjørland () pointed out that information science is not the only field to study information and that other disciplines are concerned with this (astronomers, historians, photographers, journalists, etc.).…”
Section: Information and Communication Sciences: An Unbalanced Unionmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…This can be seen in the fact that the name of the field oscillates between the singular form—“La science de l'information”—and the plural form—“Les sciences de l'information”. In English, the field is also either referred to as “information studies” or “information science.” Technology is another area where a convergence of viewpoint is noticeable: Scholars from both geographic and linguistic zones display the same suspicion toward the role of technology and of computer science (Davallon, ; Hjørland, ; Hjørland and Albrechtsen, ; Jeanneret & Ollivier, ).…”
Section: Aims and Scopementioning
confidence: 99%
“…From 2000 onward, second‐generation scholars have emerged who contend that ICS cannot be satisfactorily defined by the ontologically oriented question, “what is information and communication science?” In a special issue of the Hermès journal published by the CNRS, Jeanneret and Ollivier () gathered some of the most significant contributions on the topic . They contend that scientific disciplines have two ways of coming into existence—they are either built around an “object” (ontological question) or around a “project” (constructivist epistemology).…”
Section: Information and Communication Sciences: An Unbalanced Unionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Resist, as much as possible, the idea that objects, problems and methods could be the properties of specific disciplines . …”
Section: Information and Communication Sciences: An Unbalanced Unionmentioning
The French conception of information science is often contrasted with the Anglophone one, which is perceived as different and rooted mainly in Shannon's mathematical theory of communication. While there is such a thing as a French conception of information science, this conception is not totally divorced from the Anglophone one. Unbeknownst to researchers from the two geographical and cultural regions, they share similar conceptions of the field and invoke similar theoretical foundations, in particular the socio‐constructivist theory. There is also a convergence of viewpoints on the dual nature of information science, i.e., the fact that it is torn between two competing paradigms—objectivist and subjectivist. Technology is another area where a convergence of viewpoints is noticeable: Scholars from both geographic and cultural zones display the same suspicion toward the role of technology and of computer science. It would therefore be misleading to uphold the view that Anglophone information science is essentially objectivist and technicist while the French conception is essentially social and rooted in the humanities. This paper highlights converging analyses from authors based in both linguistic and geographical regions with the aim to foster a better understanding of the challenges that information science is facing worldwide and to help trace a path to how the global information science community can try to meet them.
“…Resist, as much as possible, the idea that objects, problems and methods could be the properties of specific disciplines . Interestingly, scholars outside of France have made similar observations that objects are not the properties of specific disciplines (Bawden, ; Buckland, , ; Floridi, , ). Capurro and Hjørland () pointed out that information science is not the only field to study information and that other disciplines are concerned with this (astronomers, historians, photographers, journalists, etc.).…”
Section: Information and Communication Sciences: An Unbalanced Unionmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…This can be seen in the fact that the name of the field oscillates between the singular form—“La science de l'information”—and the plural form—“Les sciences de l'information”. In English, the field is also either referred to as “information studies” or “information science.” Technology is another area where a convergence of viewpoint is noticeable: Scholars from both geographic and linguistic zones display the same suspicion toward the role of technology and of computer science (Davallon, ; Hjørland, ; Hjørland and Albrechtsen, ; Jeanneret & Ollivier, ).…”
Section: Aims and Scopementioning
confidence: 99%
“…From 2000 onward, second‐generation scholars have emerged who contend that ICS cannot be satisfactorily defined by the ontologically oriented question, “what is information and communication science?” In a special issue of the Hermès journal published by the CNRS, Jeanneret and Ollivier () gathered some of the most significant contributions on the topic . They contend that scientific disciplines have two ways of coming into existence—they are either built around an “object” (ontological question) or around a “project” (constructivist epistemology).…”
Section: Information and Communication Sciences: An Unbalanced Unionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Resist, as much as possible, the idea that objects, problems and methods could be the properties of specific disciplines . …”
Section: Information and Communication Sciences: An Unbalanced Unionmentioning
The French conception of information science is often contrasted with the Anglophone one, which is perceived as different and rooted mainly in Shannon's mathematical theory of communication. While there is such a thing as a French conception of information science, this conception is not totally divorced from the Anglophone one. Unbeknownst to researchers from the two geographical and cultural regions, they share similar conceptions of the field and invoke similar theoretical foundations, in particular the socio‐constructivist theory. There is also a convergence of viewpoints on the dual nature of information science, i.e., the fact that it is torn between two competing paradigms—objectivist and subjectivist. Technology is another area where a convergence of viewpoints is noticeable: Scholars from both geographic and cultural zones display the same suspicion toward the role of technology and of computer science. It would therefore be misleading to uphold the view that Anglophone information science is essentially objectivist and technicist while the French conception is essentially social and rooted in the humanities. This paper highlights converging analyses from authors based in both linguistic and geographical regions with the aim to foster a better understanding of the challenges that information science is facing worldwide and to help trace a path to how the global information science community can try to meet them.
“…Or, « la signification fondamentale de l'interdiscipline est celle d'un rappel à l'ordre humain » (Gusdorf, 1983). Ainsi, « les logiques disciplinaires [qui] visent fondamentalement à l'institutionnalisation et à la normalisation des discours et des pratiques » (Jeanneret et Ollivier, 2004) pourraient neutraliser une logique de la découverte qui émerge d'une interdiscipline fondée « sur le mode du débat et de la confrontation entre les savoirs » (Bougnoux, 2001).…”
Section: Ans Après Une Interdiscipline Sous Le Joug De Tensions Et Dunclassified
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