Introduction: subsurface sand remobilization and injection

Hurst, Andrew; Grippa, Antonio; Silcock, S.; Huuse, Mads; Bowman, Mike; Cobain, Sarah

doi:10.1144/sp493-2020-268

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…The ash sediment was shock wave liquefied and injected upward along these 100s of m long fault traces into the overlying Bearpaw shale. Overpressured pore fluids responsive to the impact‐imposed reactivation of the regional stress field resulted in faults emplaced concurrently with the tuff injection (Hurst et al., 2021). The injected volcanic ash sediments were subsequently cemented as partial dissolution of the glass particles resulted in precipitation of opaline cement in pore spaces of the cristobalite–tridymite groundmass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Paleogene Eagle Butte meteorite impact and dikes of seismic wave mobilized tuff in western Canada

Broughton

2022

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Meteorite impact‐induced mobilization of a volcanic ash tuff resulting in 100s of m long lithified clastic dikes is a novel mechanism in the geologic record. The Paleogene Eagle Butte impact event in southeastern Alberta, western Canada, resulted in a 10–17 km diameter central peak crater, now partially eroded and buried without expression at the surface. Impact shock waves, degraded to elastic waves, mobilized sediment 10s of km beyond the crater and resulted in a cluster of 100s of m long, 10–20 cm thick, dikes consisting of volcanic ash. It is not well understood how effective meteorite impact‐induced waves would be as triggers for sediment mobilization at areas 10s of km distant from an impact crater. Emplacement of the Manyberries dike cluster provides insight into this issue and confirms that shock waves, degraded to elastic waves, can indeed liquefy and mobilize sediments at distances as much as 5 crater radii beyond an impact site. These impact‐induced waves triggered liquefaction and mobilization of a shallowly buried Campanian‐Maastrichtian deposit of volcanic ash and injected the tuff sediment along impact‐induced faults. The lithification of the dike tuff, consisting of the cristobalite–tridymite groundmass, resulted from partial dissolution of glass shards and precipitation of opaline cement. These weathering resistant dikes of indurated tuff sediment extend for as much as 800 m on recessive Campanian‐Maastrichtian shale ridges of the badlands topography.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Paleogene Eagle Butte meteorite impact and dikes of seismic wave mobilized tuff in western Canada

Broughton

2022

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Geological conditions and fluid flow history that lead to the development of large clastic dykes in basins: A case study from Kushiro, Japan

Tamamura,

Murakami,

Kaneko

et al. 2024

Basin Research

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Large clastic dykes (the Harutori‐Taro and Harutori‐Jiro dykes) and smaller dykes are exposed in the underground Kushiro Coal Mine (KCM), Japan. This study examines these dykes as a case study to investigate the geological conditions and fluid flow history that lead to the development of large clastic dykes in basins. The composition of the dykes indicates the Beppo and/or Harutori formations as their parent unit. Crystallite size distribution (CSD) analysis reveals Ostwald ripening of the kaolinite in the kaolinitised feldspar from the dykes, suggesting stagnant conditions in the parent unit before the dyke was formed. In contrast, smectite CSDs and the high carbonate content of the dykes suggest that large volumes of fluid flowed through the dykes along the established hydraulic gradient, which was triggered by the breaking of the upper seal. The isotopic and chemical compositions of the calcite and aragonite in the dykes, with moderate siderite and rhodochrosite content, indicate the fluid was a warm (>30°C) mixture of freshwater and saltwater, which was transferred from deeper levels of the parent unit towards the crest of an anticline. Immediately after sand injection, the semi‐closed system of the parent unit near the root of the large dyke was transformed into a major flow channel for overpressurised fluids. Subsequently, a large volume of fluid flowed along the vertical conduit (or dyke) over a long period of time (>1 Myr), which removed fluid from a widespread area (i.e., several hundred square kilometres) of the basin. The results show that thin parent units, poor lateral continuity of the upper seal, and spatially heterogeneous overpressurisation do not preclude the formation of large dykes.

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Subsurface Fluid Flow Feature as Hydrocarbon Indicator in the Alamein Basin, Onshore Egypt; Seismic Attribute Perspective

et al. 2022

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The interpretation of subsurface fluid flow features in seismic reflection data is a key part of identifying the presence of hydrocarbon and active petroleum systems. Currently, this kind of study is mainly conducted utilizing offshore seismic reflection data with very limited cases utilizing onshore seismic reflection data. In addition, the Alamein basin is an area of prolific study in onshore Egypt, with most related studies concentrating on basin analysis and reservoir characterization. Therefore, in our study we aimed to make practical and effective use of onshore seismic reflection data with seismic attribute analysis to describe seismic facies, delineating and interpreting subsurface fluid flow features. The relatively vertical V-shaped and pipe or concave-up-shaped features with distorted reflections inside them are revealed through the analysis of variance, sweetness, chaos, instantaneous frequency and the RMS amplitude of seismic attributes. These subsurface fluid flow features are a product of mature source rock that migrates hydrocarbon vertically through faults (especially deep-seated faults) and fracture systems (fault and fracture-related subsurface fluid flow features). The classification scheme presented in our study could be implemented in the onshore case worldwide.

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Introduction: subsurface sand remobilization and injection

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

The Paleogene Eagle Butte meteorite impact and dikes of seismic wave mobilized tuff in western Canada

The Paleogene Eagle Butte meteorite impact and dikes of seismic wave mobilized tuff in western Canada

Geological conditions and fluid flow history that lead to the development of large clastic dykes in basins: A case study from Kushiro, Japan

Subsurface Fluid Flow Feature as Hydrocarbon Indicator in the Alamein Basin, Onshore Egypt; Seismic Attribute Perspective

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