Introduction to Desalination

Kucera, Jane

doi:10.1002/9781118904855.ch1

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a method of desalination utilizing electronically charged electrodes to temporarily immobilize salt ions from saline solution . The past decade has witnessed growing interest and great advances in the development of CDI technology due to its promising desalination performance and low impact to the environment. , In a classic CDI system, there are two porous carbon electrodes which are electronically charged/discharged regularly to realize the adsorption/desorption of the salt ions from feed solutions, which is depicted by the formation of an electrical double layer (EDL). , Compared with commercially available water treatment techniques, such as distillation and reverse osmosis, − CDI has no requirement on the water pressure or heat treatment, which results in low capital and operating costs. , Energy recovery can be achieved to further reduce the energy consumption. , Although carbon-based CDI electrodes possess such advantages, their relatively low salt adsorption capacity in high-concentration salty water limits their efficacy in industrial applications. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Pseudocapacitive Behavior in Metal–Organic Framework-Derived TiO₂@Porous Carbon Enabling High-Performance Membrane Capacitive Deionization

Ding

Fan

Huang

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) composites have shown promise in desalination as electrode materials of capacitive deionization (CDI). However, it remains a significant challenge to explore their pseudocapacitive potential for further enhancement of salt adsorption capacity and long-term stability. Herein, we report a titanium dioxide/porous carbon composite (TiO2@PC) with tunable pseudocapacitance for a high-performance membrane CDI (MCDI) based on a metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived strategy. By controlling the pyrolysis conditions, the crystalline degree and specific surface areas of TiO2@PC samples have been optimized to improve the salt adsorption performance. A synergy of high pseudocapacitance and good oxidation resistance endows the anatase TiO2@PC (annealed at 600 °C) with an improved salt adsorption capacity of 46.7 mg g–1 at 10 mA g–1 and stable cycling performance over 50 cycles. These properties reveal the great potential of anatase TiO2@PC to serve as a promising candidate of electrode materials for MCDI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Pseudocapacitive Behavior in Metal–Organic Framework-Derived TiO₂@Porous Carbon Enabling High-Performance Membrane Capacitive Deionization

Ding

Fan

Huang

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…It requires a very precise refrigerant having a boiling temperature of −4 • C or less, non-flammable, inexpensive and commercially available [107,108]. The operating temperature for this method is −5 • C and is therefore characterized as a low power consumption process [109]. Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of a direct freezing process where liquid refrigerant enters from the bottom and exits as vapor at the top.…”

Section: Freezingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Solar Thermal Desalination Technologies: A Review

Ullah

Rasul

2018

Energies

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Fresh water resources are depleting rapidly as the water demand around the world continues to increase. Fresh water resources are also not equally distributed geographically worldwide. The best way to tackle this situation is to use solar energy for desalination to not only cater for the water needs of humanity, but also to offset some detrimental environmental effects of desalination. A comprehensive review of the latest literature on various desalination technologies utilizing solar energy is presented here. This paper also highlights the environmental impacts of desalination technologies along with an economic analysis and cost comparison of conventional desalination methods with different solar energy based technologies. This review is part of an investigation into integration of solar thermal desalination into existing grid infrastructure in the Australian context.

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“…Outro fator que agrava o abastecimento de água de regiões costeiras é a intrusão de água do mar na dos rios, principalmente nos períodos de estiagem. Tecnologias de dessalinização que utilizam filtração em membranas, como a osmose reversa (OR), apresentam a vantagem de necessidade de menores áreas de instalação, além de apresentarem custo competitivo de água tratada com processos térmicos tradicionais (KUCERA, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Eficiência de um sistema piloto de dessalinização de água salobra

Almeida

Kummer

Carranza

et al. 2020

Eng. Sanit. Ambient.

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RESUMO Com a escassez da disponibilidade de água doce e o aumento da demanda de água no mundo e no Brasil, uma das alternativas são os sistemas de dessalinização de água, que removem os sais das águas salobra ou salgada. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de um sistema piloto de dessalinização de água salobra a qual foi obtida a partir da mistura de águas do mar e de rio até atingir concentração de sólidos dissolvidos totais (SDT) de 1.500 mg.L-1. O sistema piloto de dessalinização, com capacidade de 1,0 m3.h-1, é composto de ultrafiltração (UF) e abrandamento como pré-tratamento à osmose reversa (OR). Foram realizadas análises de qualidade da água na entrada e saída das unidades de tratamento relativas a SDT, condutividade elétrica, turbidez, pH, cor aparente, alcalinidade, dureza total, cálcio, magnésio, cloreto, sulfato e temperatura. Foram avaliadas a pressão osmótica, o fluxo de filtração e a taxa de recuperação de água no sistema de OR. Com os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que a eficiência de remoção de SDT e condutividade foi de 99%. A UF foi eficiente na remoção de turbidez, enquanto a OR apresentou maiores eficiências de remoção de sais. O sistema piloto de tratamento foi capaz de remover todos os parâmetros estudados. A taxa de recuperação na OR foi de 74,64%.

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Introduction to Desalination

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Tunable Pseudocapacitive Behavior in Metal–Organic Framework-Derived TiO₂@Porous Carbon Enabling High-Performance Membrane Capacitive Deionization

Tunable Pseudocapacitive Behavior in Metal–Organic Framework-Derived TiO₂@Porous Carbon Enabling High-Performance Membrane Capacitive Deionization

Recent Developments in Solar Thermal Desalination Technologies: A Review

Eficiência de um sistema piloto de dessalinização de água salobra

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Introduction to Desalination

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Tunable Pseudocapacitive Behavior in Metal–Organic Framework-Derived TiO2@Porous Carbon Enabling High-Performance Membrane Capacitive Deionization

Tunable Pseudocapacitive Behavior in Metal–Organic Framework-Derived TiO2@Porous Carbon Enabling High-Performance Membrane Capacitive Deionization

Recent Developments in Solar Thermal Desalination Technologies: A Review

Eficiência de um sistema piloto de dessalinização de água salobra

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Product

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Tunable Pseudocapacitive Behavior in Metal–Organic Framework-Derived TiO₂@Porous Carbon Enabling High-Performance Membrane Capacitive Deionization

Tunable Pseudocapacitive Behavior in Metal–Organic Framework-Derived TiO₂@Porous Carbon Enabling High-Performance Membrane Capacitive Deionization