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Fresh water resources are depleting rapidly as the water demand around the world continues to increase. Fresh water resources are also not equally distributed geographically worldwide. The best way to tackle this situation is to use solar energy for desalination to not only cater for the water needs of humanity, but also to offset some detrimental environmental effects of desalination. A comprehensive review of the latest literature on various desalination technologies utilizing solar energy is presented here. This paper also highlights the environmental impacts of desalination technologies along with an economic analysis and cost comparison of conventional desalination methods with different solar energy based technologies. This review is part of an investigation into integration of solar thermal desalination into existing grid infrastructure in the Australian context.

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Summary ZnSO4·7H2O is a promising thermochemical heat storage material. In this paper, we report a detailed thermodynamic study of ZnSO4·7H2O based on hydration/dehydration, cyclicability, and water sorption performance. The TG‐DSC measurements reported that at below 120°C, 1747 and 1298 J g−1enthalpy was recorded for dehydration and hydration, respectively. The relative‐humidity study showed that at 75% RH (0.148 g/g), the water sorption can be significantly improved compared to lower humidity (65% 0.131). The XRD study highlighted that the main structure of ZnSO4 after thermal treatment remains unchanged.

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