Introduction to Nanotechnology

Gordon, Assaf T.; Lutz, G.; Boninger, Michael L.; Cooper, Rory A.

doi:10.1097/phm.0b013e318031ee1a

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…While nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes have great potential in fields such as drug delivery and disease imaging, standardized means to determine potential toxicities have not yet been established (reviewed in [ 32 , 33 ]). Carbon nanotubes represent an arrangement of C60 atoms in an elongated cylindrical structure [ 34 ]. Interestingly, the history of carbon nanotube discovery is a complex tale which may go back well over a century.…”

Section: Animal Models Of Carbon Nanotube-mediated Lung Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not until 1993, however, were preparations of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) first detailed by two different investigative groups [ 35 ]. SWCNT can be massed into multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) [ 34 ]. Outside of manufacturing, combustion-generated MWCNT and other carbon nanoparticles are ubiquitous within the environment, and have been detected in vapors from diesel fuel, methane, propane, and natural gas (reviewed in [ 36 ]).…”

Section: Animal Models Of Carbon Nanotube-mediated Lung Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Nanotubes and Chronic Granulomatous Disease

2014

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Use of nanomaterials in manufactured consumer products is a rapidly expanding industry and potential toxicities are just beginning to be explored. Combustion-generated multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) or nanoparticles are ubiquitous in non-manufacturing environments and detectable in vapors from diesel fuel, methane, propane, and natural gas. In experimental animal models, carbon nanotubes have been shown to induce granulomas or other inflammatory changes. Evidence suggesting potential involvement of carbon nanomaterials in human granulomatous disease, has been gathered from analyses of dusts generated in the World Trade Center disaster combined with epidemiological data showing a subsequent increase in granulomatous disease of first responders. In this review we will discuss evidence for similarities in the pathophysiology of carbon nanotube-induced pulmonary disease in experimental animals with that of the human granulomatous disease, sarcoidosis.

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Section: Animal Models Of Carbon Nanotube-mediated Lung Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animal Models Of Carbon Nanotube-mediated Lung Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes and Chronic Granulomatous Disease

2014

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“…The 21st century is considered to be the period of global usage of nanotechnology, which deals with a set of theoretically sound and practical methods of research, analysis and synthesis, as well as the production and use of products with a predictable atomic structure through controlled manipulation of individual atoms and molecules (Gordon et al, 2007). Due to the extremely small dimensions (up to 100 nm) and the large surface area per unit volume, nanomaterials have specific chemical, physical and biological properties that are useful for many new applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme-Like Activity of Nanomaterials

Wamer

Xia

et al. 2014

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C

147

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Due to possessing an extremely small size and a large surface area per unit of volume, nanomaterials have specific characteristic physical, chemical, photochemical, and biological properties that are very useful in many new applications. Nanoparticles' catalytic activity and intrinsic ability in generating or scavenging reactive oxygen species in general can be used to mimic the catalytic activity of natural enzymes. Many nanoparticles with enzyme-like activities have been found, potentially capable of being applied for commercial uses, such as in biosensors, pharmaceutical processes, and the food industry. To date, a variety of nanoparticles, especially those formed from noble metals, have been determined to possess oxidase-like, peroxidase-like, catalase-like, and/or superoxide dismutase-like activity. The ability of nanoparticles to mimic enzymatic activity, especially peroxidase mimics, can be used in a variety of applications, such as detection of glucose in biological samples and waste water treatment. To study the enzyme-like activity of nanoparticles, the electron spin resonance method represents a critically important and convenient analytical approach for zero-time detection of the reactive substrates and products as well as for mechanism determination.

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“…Many recent experimental findings have emphasized the importance of surface properties for the optimization and control of cell adhesion, morphology, motility, proliferation, and differentiation in both in vitro and in vivo systems (Gordon et al, 2007; Kasemo, 2002; Stevens and George, 2005). Of specific interest is the role that nanoscale cell–surface interactions play in the biocompatibility of neural implants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of specific interest is the role that nanoscale cell–surface interactions play in the biocompatibility of neural implants. Neural prosthetic implants have shown promise in applications involving recording neural activity and the stimulation of function in both the central and peripheral nervous systems for the treatment of deafness and neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and cerebral palsy (Branner et al, 2001; Gordon et al, 2007; He and Bellamkonda, 2005; Kipke et al, 2003; Olanow et al, 2000). A major roadblock in the success of these implants has been the effective integration of the implant surface with the surrounding tissue (Anderson et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and adsorption of modular engineered proteins to prepare customized, neuron-compatible coatings

Straley

2009

Front. Neuroeng.

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Neural prosthetic implants are currently being developed for the treatment and study of both peripheral and central nervous system disorders. Effective integration of these devices upon implantation is a critical hurdle to achieving function. As a result, much attention has been directed towards the development of biocompatible coatings that prolong their in vivo lifespan. In this work, we present a novel approach to fabricate such coatings, which specifically involves the use of surface-adsorbed, nanoscale-designed protein polymers to prepare reproducible, customized surfaces. A nanoscale modular design strategy was employed to synthesize six engineered, recombinant proteins intended to mimic aspects of the extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin, laminin, and elastin as well as the cell–cell adhesive protein neural cell adhesion molecule. Physical adsorption isotherms were experimentally determined for these engineered proteins, allowing for direct calculation of the available ligand density present on coated surfaces. As confirmation that ligand density in these engineered systems impacts neuronal cell behavior, we demonstrate that increasing the density of fibronectin-derived RGD ligands on coated surfaces while maintaining uniform protein surface coverage results in enhanced neurite extension of PC-12 cells. Therefore, this engineered protein adsorption approach allows for the facile preparation of tunable, quantifiable, and reproducible surfaces for in vitro studies of cell–ligand interactions and for potential application as coatings on neural implants.

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Introduction to Nanotechnology

Cited by 18 publications

References 123 publications

Carbon Nanotubes and Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Carbon Nanotubes and Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Enzyme-Like Activity of Nanomaterials

Design and adsorption of modular engineered proteins to prepare customized, neuron-compatible coatings

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