Introduction to the Special Issue on Recent Advances in Canadian Hydrology, 2003-2007

Pomeroy, John W.; Moore, R. D.

doi:10.4296/cwrj3402109

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This approach may be a bit premature in Canada, where portions of the country are relatively data scarce (Spence et al 2005), and land use and climate change is impacting the hydrological regimes (Brannen & Bielak 2004). Canada has a strong foundation in both hydrological process and statistical hydrology research (Beltaos et al 2005;Pomeroy & Moore 2009), and during the PUB decade this has resulted in improvements to both deterministic and statistical models that can reduce the tmcertainty of predictions in ungauged basins. Deterministic models are often described as bottom-up models within the PUB initiative, as these incorporate fundamental physical principles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Canadian viewpoint on data, information and uncertainty in the context of prediction in ungauged basins

et al. 2012

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The quality (i.e. the degree of unceitainty that results from the Interpretation and analysis) of information dictates its value for decision making. There has been much progress towards improving information on the water budgets of ungauged basins by improving knowledge, tools and techniques during the Prediction in ungauged Basins (PUB) initiative. These improvements, at least in Canada, have come through efforts in both hydrological process and statistical hydrology research. This paper is a review of some recent Canadian PUB efforts to use data to generate information and reduce uncertainty about the hydrological regimes of ungauged basins. The focus is on the Canadian context and the problems if presents, but the lessons learned are applicable to other countries with similar challenges. With a large land mass that is relatively poorly gauged, novel approaches have had to be developed to extract the most information from the available data. It can be difficult in Canada to find gauged or research basins sufficiently similar to ungauged sites of interest that contain the data required to force either statistical or deterministic models. Many statistical studies have improved information or at least an understanding of the quality of that information, of ungauged basin streamflow regimes using innovative regression-based approaches and pooled frequency analysis. Hydrological process research has reduced knowledge uncertainty, particularly in regard to cold regions processes, and this situation has led to the development of new algorithms that are reducing predictive uncertainty. There remains much to do. Current progress has created an opportunity to better integrate statistical and deterministic models via data assimilation of regionalization model estimates and those from coupled atmospheric-hydrological models. Aspects of such a modelling system could also provide more robust uncertainty analyses than traditional approaches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Canadian viewpoint on data, information and uncertainty in the context of prediction in ungauged basins

et al. 2012

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“…Various branches of cryohydrology were well established. A series of special issues in the Hydrological Processes journal traced the progress on topics related to river ice, glaciers, frozen ground, wetlands, forests, floods, and subsurface flow including groundwater, statistical analysis, and process-based and macroscale modelling(Beltaos, Martz, Moore, & Pomeroy, 2005;Buttle, Jones, Marsh, & Woo, 2000;Hardy, Pomeroy, Moore, & Woo, 2001;Moore, Beltaos, Ouarda, & Woo, 2003;Pomeroy & Moore, 2009;Woo, Marsh, & Moore, 2001). Applied hydrology benefitted from northern resource development.…”

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Cryohydrology in Canada: A brief history

Woo

2019

Hydrological Processes

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| INTRODUCTIONCryohydrology (from Greek, κρυος meaning cold), or hydrology at low temperatures, concerns snow, ice, frozen ground, and cold waters. It is the hydrology of cold regions, and being a special case of general hydrology, cryohydrology possesses all the salient attributes of hydrology but adds layer of complexity that modifies the occurrence, storage, release, and movement of water in its several natural states as solid, liquid, and gas (Table 1).There are several features of note in cryohydrology:• The hydrology of cold regions is highly sensitive to variations in the supply and loss of energy at or near the freezing point of water.• Cryohydrology is influenced by many processes that are present in noncryospheric regions, though coldness affects the intensity, timing, and duration that such processes are active (e.g., evaporation is rendered inactive or is subdued by winter coldness).• Coldness decouples the time when water (in its various states) is received and when it is released at particular sites or at the scale of a drainage basin. This is related to the storage aspect of the water balance. Snow is stored for days, the entire winter, or even multiple years before melt events generate run-off, and it is similar for lake and river ice. Ground ice can be kept seasonally or remain for centuries, as does glacier ice. • Coldness leads to concentration or cessation of certain hydrological activities during particular parts of the year. For example, endof-winter snowmelt and break-up of river ice give rise to spring freshets, and summer melt of glaciers produces hydrograph rises in the warm season; conversely, winter coldness curtails production of run-off, leading to low flow conditions. Hydrological forecasts are facilitated by the moderately regular occurrence of seasonal events. • Cold regions produce unique streamflow regimes (average seasonal pattern of discharge) related to freeze-thaw, snowmelt, and glacier melt, whereas other types of regimes manifested in rivers of most world regions are modified by persistent coldness (see Woo, 2012, for description of flow regimes). Canada, with a land surface area of approximately 10 million km 2 , is a cold country. About half of Canada retains a snow cover for at least 6 months each year and only low elevation zones in its southwest coast have January mean temperature rising above 0 C (Figure 1). With over 95% of Canada experiencing at least 1 month of below-zero mean air temperatures, cryohydrology permeates almost all aspects of Canadian hydrology, and the history of cryohydrology is necessarily entwined with the history of Canadian hydrology. 2 | WHEN CANADA WAS 100 YEARS OLD My course through the history of Canadian cryohydrology starts in 1967. At that time, hydrology was auxiliary to other subjects and practices. Large engineering ventures such as the Baie James hydroelectricity project made use of hydrology to supplement hydraulics;forestry and agriculture wanted hydrology for drainage and water supply, as did fishery; river ice was examined in rel...

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Introduction to the Special Issue on the 75th anniversary of the Canadian Water Resources Association

Peters,

James

2023

Canadian Water Resources Journal / Revue canadienne des ressour

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Introduction to the Special Issue on Recent Advances in Canadian Hydrology, 2003-2007

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

A Canadian viewpoint on data, information and uncertainty in the context of prediction in ungauged basins

A Canadian viewpoint on data, information and uncertainty in the context of prediction in ungauged basins

Cryohydrology in Canada: A brief history

Introduction to the Special Issue on the 75th anniversary of the Canadian Water Resources Association

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