Introductory Chapter: Epidemiology of Invasive Fungal Infection - An Overview

Loreto, Érico S.; Tondolo, Juliana S. M.

doi:10.5772/intechopen.85955

Cited by 2 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Aspergillosis is caused by opportunistic molds of the genus Aspergillus, which contains more than 300 species; however, only relatively few of them are known to cause human diseases [12]. These fungi are ubiquitous in soil, plants, and decaying organic debris, as well as in household dust and building materials [1].…”

Section: Etiology Of Invasive Aspergillosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungi Aspergillus spp. (like other molds), produce conidia that are easily aerosolized [12]. Inhaled conidia colonize the respiratory system of the host in whom-depending on the degree of immunosuppressionvarious clinical forms of aspergillosis may develop.…”

Section: Etiology Of Invasive Aspergillosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhaled conidia colonize the respiratory system of the host in whom-depending on the degree of immunosuppressionvarious clinical forms of aspergillosis may develop. Rarely, aspergillosis results from ingestion of the spores or their direct inoculation into the wounds [12].…”

Section: Etiology Of Invasive Aspergillosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5,6]. Factors predisposing to the invasive aspergillosis are prolonged neutropenia (<500/μl for >10 days) and lymphopenia (mainly affecting CD4+ cells) [5,[8][9][10][11][12]. Frequency of invasive infections caused by Aspergillus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frequency of invasive infections caused by Aspergillus spp. is on the increase in patients undergoing chemo-and/or radiotherapy, treated with corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents, as well as in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or congenital deficiencies of the immune system, such as chronic granulomatous disease [1,8,10,[12][13][14]. Patients at the extremes of age (>60 and neonates), persons with chronic malnutrition, and individuals on total parenteral nutrition have fungal infections more often than patients in other groups [8,10,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invasive Aspergillosis in Transplant Recipients

Wróblewska¹,

Sulik-Tyszka²,

Figiel³

et al. 2020

Surgical Recovery

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Patients with hematological malignancies and recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) as well as solid organ transplant recipients are the groups of patients with the highest risk of invasive fungal infections (IFI). Neutropenia, lymphopenia, chemotherapy of malignancies, radiation therapy, immunosuppressive therapy, administration of glucocorticosteroids, use of central venous catheters, dialysis therapy, liver and kidney failure, and diabetes are diseases and medical conditions which foster invasive fungal infections. In recent years, it has been observed that the most common etiological agents of these infections are yeastlike fungi of the genus Candida, and the second most common is moulds Aspergillus spp. Antifungal agent recommended for therapy of IFI caused by Aspergillus is voriconazole, according to the present guidelines. A combined therapy using voriconazole and caspofungin may not be effective. According to numerous publications, in case of infections caused by strains resistant to voriconazole, a therapeutic success is possible after a switch to the liposomal form of amphotericin B. Due to nonspecific clinical symptoms of IFI caused by Aspergillus spp., histopathological as well as mycological and serological tests, echocardiographic examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computer tomography (CT) may contribute to an early and reliable diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis.

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Section: Etiology Of Invasive Aspergillosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Etiology Of Invasive Aspergillosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Etiology Of Invasive Aspergillosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Invasive Aspergillosis in Transplant Recipients

Wróblewska¹,

Sulik-Tyszka²,

Figiel³

et al. 2020

Surgical Recovery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Molecular Detection of Aspergillus: Application of a Real-Time PCR Multiplex Assay in Tissue Samples

Sabino

Simões

Veríssimo

2020

JoF

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Diagnosis of invasive fungal infections is complex, and the lack of standardization of molecular methods is still a challenge. Several methods are available for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis, but their effectiveness will depend on the studied population, the patients’ comorbidities, and the use of mold active prophylaxis, among others. The ability to determine the identity of the infecting Aspergillus species, and to detect mutations conferring specific resistance patterns directly from DNA extracted from the biological product, is an advantage of nucleic acid testing compared with antigen-based assays. In this study, we present laboratory cases where the diagnosis of aspergillosis was performed using a real-time multiplex PCR for the detection of Aspergillus DNA in tissue samples, showing its usefulness as one more tool in the diagnosis of aspergillosis in tissue samples. Aspergillus real-time multiplex PCR was also used to detect azole-resistance in some cases. In the majority of the PCR positive cases, cultures remained negative after 60 days. The PCR assay directed to Aspergillus gave positive signals for Aspergillus fumigatus sensu stricto. Results were confirmed by panfungal PCR, followed by sequencing, revealing 100% homology with Aspergillus fumigatus sensu stricto. Mutations conferring azole resistance were not detected.

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Introductory Chapter: Epidemiology of Invasive Fungal Infection - An Overview

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Cited by 2 publications

References 53 publications

Invasive Aspergillosis in Transplant Recipients

Invasive Aspergillosis in Transplant Recipients

Molecular Detection of Aspergillus: Application of a Real-Time PCR Multiplex Assay in Tissue Samples

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