Intubation is a medical technique that consists of placing a tube inside the trachea, orally or nasally, with the aim of maintaining definitive control of the airway. However, there may be complications such as laceration of the lips and gums, vocal fold avulsion, fracture and tooth avulsion. This literature review therefore aims to report the damage that is caused to dental structures, the factors that increase the risk of trauma in the intubation process and the methods that are used to prevent them. A literature review was performed through a search for articles in the Medline/PubMed database including 10 articles. Based on the analysis of the articles included, it can concluded that the use of mouthguards, whether they are 3M tape, wooden spatulas, or mouthguards molded by dentists, can significantly reduce the forces that act on the teeth, minimizing the risks of dental trauma. Thermoplastics have their effectiveness discussed in different studies, but the most recent one discusses that they are effective, in addition to being easy to handle and cost-effective, but it is not the most recommended method of protection.