Invasive and Non-Invasive Approaches of Electrical Stimulation to Improve Physical Functioning after Spinal Cord Injury

Dolbow, David R.; Gorgey, Ashraf S.; Sutor, Tommy W.; Bochkezanian, Vanesa; Musselman, Kristin E.

doi:10.3390/jcm10225356

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(181 reference statements)

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“…The introduction of these modalities would result in a potential bias for the study design, although they could be useful for reorganization of the descending tracts, neurogenesis and strengthening the pre-existing neural tracts both cranially and caudally to the injury, and possibly through it, promoting the anatomic and synaptic plasticity [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Multidisciplinary protocols are based in functional electrical stimulation and transpinal stimulation [ 53 , 55 ], which could also be implemented in tetraplegic patients who suffered injury in the phrenic motoneuron pools and/or phrenic nerves to improve ventilatory status [ 56 , 57 ]. Although in our study, dogs were only under locomotor training to improve ambulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Locomotor Training in Tetraplegic Post-Surgical Dogs with Cervical Intervertebral Disc Disease

Gouveia¹,

Carvalho²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2022

Animals

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Locomotor training (LT) is task-specific repetitive training, with sensorimotor stimulation and intensive exercises that promote neuromuscular reorganization. This study aimed to observe if LT could be initiated safely in the first 3–15 days after surgery in tetraplegic C1–C5 IVDD—Hansen type I dogs. This prospective blinded clinical study was conducted at two rehabilitation centers in Portugal, with 114 grade 1 (MFS/OFS) dogs, divided by the presence of spinal hyperesthesia into the SHG (spinal hyperesthesia group) (n = 74) and the NSHG (non-spinal hyperesthesia group) (n = 40), evaluated in each time point for two weeks according to a neurorehabilitation checklist by three observers for inter-agreement relation. LT was safely applied with 62.3% of the OFS ≥ 11 within 15 days and of these, 32.4% achieved a OFS ≥ 13. There were no new cases of hyperesthesia in the NSHG and from the SHG all recovered. Comparing groups, a significant difference was observed in their ability to achieve ambulatory status (p < 0.001), between the presence of hyperesthesia and days until ambulation (p < 0.006) and in each time point (p < 0.001; R2 = 0.809). Early LT may be a safe treatment to be applied in the first 3 days on these dogs and spinal hyperesthesia should be important to the rehabilitation team. This study should be continued.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Locomotor Training in Tetraplegic Post-Surgical Dogs with Cervical Intervertebral Disc Disease

Gouveia¹,

Carvalho²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…This approach is related to the implementation of machine optimization algorithms and allows for quite effective identification of even complex systems. Let's use the method of the learning model or the refe rence model, which belongs to the parametric methods of system identification [17,18]. In accordance with this method, the reaction of the studied system to the test impact is compared with the reaction of the model of a given species to the same impact [19,20].…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Method of diagnosing some diseases of the neuro-muscular system and features of data processing in software

Prasol

Dovnar

Yeroshenko

2023

TAPR

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Electromyostimulation is a method of restorative treatment based on electrical stimulation of nerves and muscles. The electric current, which is used in electrical stimulation to obtain induced muscle contractions, is characterized by a large number of different parameters. However, not every possible option of electrical stimulation is highly effective. To solve the task of diagnosing some diseases of the neuromuscular system, it is important to organize the software by analyzing the parameters of the evoked potentials. Therefore, the object of research is the processes of skeletal muscle contraction under the influence of natural electrical pulses of the nervous system or under the influence of external electrical stimulation. The subject of research is models describing the processes in muscles during contraction and methods of data processing. In the course of the study, such research methods as mathematical modeling methods and methods of processing medical and biological data were used. The paper examines the experimental strength-duration dependence of skeletal muscle and obtained mathematical models for the normal state of the neuromuscular apparatus and different degrees of denervation. On the basis of electrodiagnosis of a patient with impaired motor functions, the dynamics of changes in the patient's condition and the effectiveness of treatment were traced. Based on the results of the study, an analysis of the parameters of the evoked potentials of the stimulation electromyogram during adaptive electrostimulation was carried out in order to control its effectiveness or establish a diagnosis in some diseases of the neuromuscular system. This made it possible to develop a method for correcting errors in the interpretation of one of the quality parameters and increase the reliability of the diagnosis. The obtained results can be used in the improvement of technical devices for electrostimulation therapy, as well as control of the effectiveness of rehabilitation procedures.

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“…Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is extensively used to restore impaired body function and manage pain. Skin surface FES is non-invasive (Dolbow et al , 2021; Dutta et al , 2013; Ganguly et al , 2020; Ju et al , 2020; Schuhfried et al , 2012; Slovak et al , 2015) and improves the quality of life of patients who receive treatment after damage or injuries such as to the spine, limbs and bladder control (Allen and Goodman, 2014; Andrews et al , 2017; Hara, 2013; Kuhn et al , 2014; Malešević et al , 2012; Prodanović et al , 2013; Teferra, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal design of electrodes for functional electrical stimulation applications to single layer isotropic tissues

Cassar

Sebu

Pidcock

et al. 2023

COMPEL

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the design of skin surface electrodes for functional electrical stimulation using an isotropic single layered model of the skin and underlying tissue. A concentric ring electrode geometry was analysed and compared with a conventional configuration, specifically to localise and maximise the activation at depth and minimise the peak current density at the skin surface. Design/methodology/approach The mathematical formulation determines the spatial electric potential distribution in the tissue, using the solution to the Laplace equation in the lower half space subject to boundary conditions given by the complete electrode model and appropriate asymptotic decay. Hence, it is shown that the electric potential satisfies a weakly singular Fredholm integral equation of the second kind which is then solved numerically in MATLAB for a novel concentric ring electrode configuration and the conventional two disk side-by-side electrode configuration. Findings In both models, the electrode geometry can be optimised to obtain a higher activation and lower maximum current density. The concentric ring electrode configuration, however, provides improved performance over the traditional two disk side-by-side electrode configuration. Research limitations/implications In this study, only a single layer of medium was investigated. A comparison with multilayer tissue models and in vivo validation of numerical simulations are required. Originality/value The developed mathematical approaches and simulations revealed the parameters that influence nerve activation and facilitated the theoretical comparison of the two electrode configurations. The concentric ring configuration potentially may have significant clinical advantages.

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Invasive and Non-Invasive Approaches of Electrical Stimulation to Improve Physical Functioning after Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 17 publications

References 98 publications

Early Locomotor Training in Tetraplegic Post-Surgical Dogs with Cervical Intervertebral Disc Disease

Early Locomotor Training in Tetraplegic Post-Surgical Dogs with Cervical Intervertebral Disc Disease

Method of diagnosing some diseases of the neuro-muscular system and features of data processing in software

Optimal design of electrodes for functional electrical stimulation applications to single layer isotropic tissues

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