Invasive carcinoma of the breast: Prognostic significance of tumor size and involved axillary lymph nodes

Say, Carlos; Donegan, William L.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197408)34:2<468::aid-cncr2820340235>3.0.co;2-x

Cited by 88 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The importance of the presence of metastases in the ipsilateral axillary nodes in determining the prognosis in breast cancer has been emphasised (Say & Donegan, 1974;Fisher et al, 1975). This was confirmed in the present study.…”

Section: Receptor Statuis Aind Nio(le Nietastasessupporting

confidence: 85%

The association of cytosol oestrogen and progesterone receptors with histological features of breast cancer and early recurrence of disease

Howat¹,

Barnes²,

Harris³

et al. 1983

Br J Cancer

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Section: Receptor Statuis Aind Nio(le Nietastasessupporting

confidence: 85%

The association of cytosol oestrogen and progesterone receptors with histological features of breast cancer and early recurrence of disease

Howat¹,

Barnes²,

Harris³

et al. 1983

Br J Cancer

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“…This result was statistically significant (P ¼ 0.03). Tumor size is a known independent prognostic factor, [26][27][28] and the incidence of nodal metastases is known to increase with primary tumor size. 28 Axillary lymph node status is the single best predictor of patient survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tumor size is a known independent prognostic factor, [26][27][28] and the incidence of nodal metastases is known to increase with primary tumor size. 28 Axillary lymph node status is the single best predictor of patient survival. 29 The absolute number of involved axillary nodes at the time of diagnosis provides additional prognostic information, which is reflected in the revised American Joint Committee on Cancer nodal staging system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive lobular carcinoma: to grade or not to grade

et al. 2005

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Grading of invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type using the Nottingham combined histologic grading system provides independent prognostic information. The prognostic utility of grading invasive lobular carcinomas, however, has not been fully elucidated. In addition, the relationship between grade in invasive lobular carcinomas and expression of predictive biomarkers is less certain. The purpose of this study was to correlate histologic grade in invasive lobular carcinoma with known prognostic and predictive markers. All primary resections for invasive mammary carcinomas diagnosed in Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, between the years 1996 and 2002 were reviewed (n ¼ 1053). Of these cases, 50 were pure invasive lobular carcinoma (incidence 4.7%). The median age at diagnosis was 64 years. These tumors were graded using the Nottingham combined histologic grading system and analyzed for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2/neu and E-cadherin expression. Tumor grade was correlated with tumor size (P ¼ 0.03), and the American Joint Committee on Cancer nodal status (P ¼ 0.05). Assessment of the individual components of grade showed that the mitotic score was highly correlated with tumor size (P ¼ 0.02), lymph node positivity (P ¼ 0.02) and overall American Joint Committee on Cancer stage (P ¼ 0.01). Estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor were highly expressed irrespective of the grade of tumor. HER2/neu protein overexpression and E-cadherin protein expression was absent in all invasive lobular carcinomas studied. We conclude that pure invasive lobular carcinoma is uncommon and occurs predominantly in postmenopausal women. Increasing tumor grade is correlated with median tumor size and the American Joint Committee on Cancer nodal stage, but not correlated with the expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, E-cadherin or HER2/neu protein overexpression.

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“…More advanced disease stage at presentation is associated with a reduced survival of patients with breast cancer (Say et al, 1974), and therefore the high levels of o subunit in premenopausal patients at presentation with breast cancer may indicate a worse prognosis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to define the importance of serum oa subunit measurement in our breast-cancer patients, we have correlated oa levels with the tumour hormonereceptor status and disease stage at removal of the primary tumour, both factors known to influence patient survival (Say & Donegan, 1974;Hahnel et al, 1979 Controls.-112 female blood donors and healthy female hospital personnel served as controls. There were 56 premenopausal women, median age 25 (range 17-51) and 56 postmenopausal women, median age 54 (range 47-74).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum glycoprotein hormone α subunit, hormone receptors and disease stage in patients with breast cancer

MacFarlane¹,

Barnes²,

Howat³

et al. 1980

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-The concentration of the common a subunit of the glycoprotein hormones was high in the serum of 21/56 (38o%) of premenopausal patients and 22/106 (21 %) of postmenopausal patients with primary breast cancer, at the time of presentation. 7/59 (12%) of patients with benign disease also had high a subunit levels. Tumour cytosol oestrogen and progesterone receptor status was determined in 80% of the patients with cancer, and there was a trend towards higher a levels in patients without receptors, but this was not statistically significant. In the premenopausal patients with cancer there was a significant correlation between a subunit level and disease stage, R=0.47, P=0.0001, but not in the postmenopausal patients. In view of the correlation with disease stage, high levels of a subunit in premenopausal patients with breast cancer at presentation with the primary tumour may indicate poor prognosis.THE COMMON ax subunit of the glycoprotein hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone-TSH; follicle-stimulating hormone FSH; luteinizing hormone LH, and chorionic gonadotrophin hCG) has been found in breast-tumour cultures (Cove et al., 1979; Miller et al., unpubl.). Immunoperoxidase staining has demonstrated the presence of oa subunit in histological specimens of breast carcinomas, and lymph-node metastases found at the initial operation are said to be common in patients with ay subunit-positive primary tumours (Walker, 1978).Increased concentrations of oa subunit have been found in the serum of persons with various benign and malignant conditions (Dosogne-Guerin et al., 1978;Braunstein et al., 1979) and we report here a study of serum a subunit levels in a large consecutive series of patients presenting with primary breast cancer, and compare them with oa subunit levels in patients with benign breast disease and a normal control population. In order to define the importance of serum oa subunit measurement in our breast-cancer patients, we have correlated oa levels with the tumour hormonereceptor status and disease stage at removal of the primary tumour, both factors known to influence patient survival (Say & Donegan, 1974; Hahnel et al., 1979 and 106 postmenopausal patients, median age 61 yrs (range 33-82).

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Invasive carcinoma of the breast: Prognostic significance of tumor size and involved axillary lymph nodes

Cited by 88 publications

References 6 publications

The association of cytosol oestrogen and progesterone receptors with histological features of breast cancer and early recurrence of disease

The association of cytosol oestrogen and progesterone receptors with histological features of breast cancer and early recurrence of disease

Invasive lobular carcinoma: to grade or not to grade

Serum glycoprotein hormone α subunit, hormone receptors and disease stage in patients with breast cancer

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