Invasive Haemophilus influenzae in the United States, 1999–2008: Epidemiology and outcomes

Abstract

Summary In a multivariable analysis of cases with invasive H. influenzae, prematurity in infants, advanced age and certain chronic diseases in adults were associated with an increased risk of in-hospital death. Nontypeable disease was associated with higher mortality in the elderly.

Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Infection in Patients with Cancer

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Although 65% of the cases described in the present review were not serotyped, 6 cases for which this information was available revealed that 4 cases (67%) were NTHi and 2 (33%) were Hib. Thus, our findings reiterate the importance of NTHi as a cause of H influenzae bacteremia.…”

“…21 It is also worth noting that H influenzae infections are common at both extremes of age. 5,11 In addition to the changes in the serotype distribution of H influenzae infections, widespread childhood immunization has shifted the trend of infection toward elderly persons with comorbidities. 5,6,11,12,17,21 Common factors include cancers and other immunocompromised states, and this is especially true where humoral immunity is compromised.…”

“…[5][6][7][8][9] NTHi is also considered to be a significant cause of invasive H influenzae infection. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Several risk factors exist for invasive H influenzae infections, including malignant neoplasms, asplenia, agammaglobulinemia, alcohol use disorder, AIDS, chronic pulmonary diseases, long-term steroid use, and undergoing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or stem cell transplantation. [2][3][4]6,11,13,14 Because malignancy is a risk factor for such infection, we report on our experience with H influenzae bacteremia since 2000 in our patients with cancer, including both solid and hematological malignancies, and their association with other comorbidities.…”

Targeted vaccination of teenagers following continued rapid endemic expansion of a single meningococcal group W clone (sequence type 11 clonal complex), United Kingdom 2015

“…Pneumonia was reported across all serotypes. Clinical presentation is known to be associated with different serotypes and strongly related to age (50,51) although these results must be interpreted with caution as data on clinical presentation was missing for 54.4% of cases.…”

Pasteurella multocida: from Zoonosis to Cellular Microbiology

“…Before introduction of the Hib vaccine, Hib was responsible for about 20,000 cases of and about 1,000 deaths from severe disease in children annually, but invasive Hib disease has nearly been eradicated since the introduction of the Hib conjugate vaccine (379). Other strains of H. influenzae, particularly noncapsular (nontypeable) strains, remain important pathogens in humans worldwide (379)(380)(381).…”