Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Infections in Men With HIV Infection

Steinhart, Rachel; Reingold, Arthur; Taylor, Frances; Anderson, Gretchen; Wenger, Jay D.

doi:10.1001/jama.1992.03490230080032

Cited by 65 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Considering S. pneumonia was the largest group and considering most influenza virus patients did not have increased odds of pneumonia, gastroenterologists caring for IBD patients should feel reassured that the absolute incidence of pneumonia is not higher compared to the general population. This may be the result of widespread implementation of published guidelines to vaccinate IBD patients for these diseases 12. However, the adjusted odds of hospitalization with pneumonias due to influenza virus were significantly higher for lower income UC patients (aOR 1.86; CI 1.46–2.37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In a study by Vila-Corcoles et al, H. influenzae was the fourth leading cause of community acquired pneumonia in those 65 and older 24. Immunization against influenza virus and S. pneumoniae is recommended for these groups 12. The higher odds in those aged 65 and older may also be due to the lack of availability of the H. influenzae serotype B (Hib) conjugate vaccine in the United States until 1989 25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) as well as influenza virus have been identified as vaccine preventable causes of pneumonia among IBD patients and vaccinations against these have been advocated since 2004 10,11. Population studies in other immunosuppressed states such as infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have also identified Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) pneumonias to be more common than in the general population 12. However, vaccine preventable invasive infections, and in particular pneumonias with H. influenzae, have not been well characterized in IBD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hospitalizations for vaccine preventable pneumonias in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a 6-year analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample

Stobaugh¹,

Deepak²,

Ehrenpreis³

2013

CEG

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BackgroundPneumonias are among the most common causes of hospitalization among inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Guidelines published in 2004 advocate vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza virus. We sought to examine trends in hospitalizations for vaccine preventable pneumonias among IBD patients since the availability of published guidelines, and to identify whether Haemophilus influenzae is a causative organism for pneumonia hospitalizations among IBD patients.MethodsThis cross-sectional study on the Nationwide Inpatient Sample was used to identify admissions for pneumonias in patients with IBD between 2004 and 2009. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed comparing IBD patients to controls, accounting for potential confounders.ResultsThere were more admissions for S. pneumoniae pneumonia than influenza virus or H. influenzae (787, 393, and 183 respectively). Crohn’s disease (CD) as well as ulcerative colitis (UC) patients did not demonstrate increased adjusted odds of hospitalization for S. pneumoniae pneumonia (1.08; confidence interval [CI] 0.99–1.17 compared to 0.93; CI 0.82–1.06 respectively). Increased adjusted odds for hospitalization for pneumonias due to influenza virus were seen among UC patients in the bottom quartile of income (1.86; CI 1.46–2.37). Adjusted odds for H. influenzae pneumonia admission in patients with UC and CD patients were increased compared to controls (1.42; CI 1.13–1.79 and 1.28; CI 1.06–1.54, respectively).ConclusionThe study identified lowest income UC patients as having higher adjusted odds, and these patients should be targeted for influenza virus vaccination. Additionally, H. influenzae may be another vaccine preventable cause for pneumonia among IBD patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hospitalizations for vaccine preventable pneumonias in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a 6-year analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample

Stobaugh¹,

Deepak²,

Ehrenpreis³

2013

CEG

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“…H. influenzae is a frequent cause of bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected patients, with an incidence of 15–27% [ 18 ]. Invasive disease with this pathogen has been described to be 100-fold higher in HIV-infected patients than in non-infected patients [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemophilus influenzae and Parainfluenza Virus Pneumonia in a Patient with AIDS

Nagarakanti

Bishburg

2020

Am J Case Rep

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Patient: Male, 64-year-old Final Diagnosis: Hemophilus influenzae and parainfluenza virus pneumonia in a patient with AIDS Symptoms: Shortness of breath Medication:— Clinical Procedure: Bronchoalveolar lavage Specialty: Infectious Diseases Objective: Rare disease Background: Parainfluenza viruses (PIV) are known to cause mild respiratory tract infections in immunocompetent patients but can cause severe infections in immune-compromised patients such as transplant recipients and children with HIV. PIV infection in HIV-infected adults has rarely been reported. We report a case of PIV pneumonia in an adult with AIDS who was successfully treated with oral ribavirin. Case Report: A 64-year-old man with history of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was admitted to the hospital with shortness of breath that began 3 days before. He was in respiratory distress and required mechanical ventilation on arrival. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture was positive for Hemophilus influenzae and a respiratory viral panel was positive for Parainfluenza virus. The patient was initially started on Cefepime and Trimethoprim- Sulfamethoxazole and later changed to Ceftriaxone based on culture results. As the patient’s condition did not improve after 48 h, oral ribavirin was added to treat PIV. The patient subsequently improved and was extubated after 72 h. Conclusions: Oral ribavirin can have a beneficial effect in AIDS patients who have PIV-associated pneumonia. Further investigation of the benefit of oral ribavirin in similar cases is warranted.

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“…Invasive H. influenzae serotype B infections used to be more common among HIV-infected persons; however, more recently, the absolute risk of disease has fallen after Hib vaccination programs [ 111 ]. Further, most infections among HIV-infected persons are now due to non-Hib strains, hence the current vaccine offers no protection [ 112 ].…”

Section: Additional Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccinations for the HIV-Infected Adult: A Review of the Current Recommendations, Part II

Crum-Cianflone

Sullivan

2017

Infect Dis Ther

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Vaccination is a critical component for ensuring the ongoing health HIV-infected adults. Since this group may have reduced immune responses and shorter durations of protection post-vaccination, HIV-specific guidelines have been published. This review article provides a comprehensive discussion of the current guidelines and evidence-based data for vaccinating HIV-infected adults, including data on dosing schedules, immunogenicity studies, and safety. In the current paper, part II of the review, live vaccines, as well as vaccines for travelers and specific occupational groups, will be discussed.

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Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Infections in Men With HIV Infection

Abstract: Men with AIDS or HIV infection are at increased risk of invasive H influenzae infections, including H influenzae b, but such infections are still infrequent in this population.

Cited by 65 publications

References 22 publications

Hospitalizations for vaccine preventable pneumonias in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a 6-year analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample

Hospitalizations for vaccine preventable pneumonias in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a 6-year analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample

Hemophilus influenzae and Parainfluenza Virus Pneumonia in a Patient with AIDS

Vaccinations for the HIV-Infected Adult: A Review of the Current Recommendations, Part II

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