Invasive Plants on Rangelands: A Global Threat

Vasquez, Edward A.; James, Jeremy J.; Monaco, Thomas A.; Cummings, D. Chad

doi:10.2111/rangelands-d-09-00006.1

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In other words, eradicate and/or control satellite populations from becoming established. For this reason, resource managers and invasive plant ecologists advocate the need for early detection / rapid response strategies before invasive plants become established and continue to spread (Mack et al, 2000;Vasquez et al, 2010). Figure 5.…”

Section: Consideration Of Propagule Pressure By Both Desirable Plant mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing Diverse, Effective, and Permanent Plant Communities on Reclaimed Surface Coal Mines: Restoring Ecosystem Function

Vasquez¹,

Sheley²

2018

JASMR

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Surface coal mine disturbances affect vegetation, soil chemical/physical properties, bedrock, and landforms. The scope of this article focuses on lands to be reclaimed back to rangelands (post-mine land use) similar to the pre-mine ecosystem in terms of plant composition/diversity, structure, and ecosystem function. Reclamation programs that solely emphasize plant community composition and structure rather than effectively repairing disturbed or altered ecological processes ignores the foundation upon which the sustainability of reconstructed plant communities depends. Reclamation success may be improved by addressing primary ecological processes driving ecosystem function as part of the reclamation process. Altered primary processes require repair of the physical system in conjunction with adding seeds or plants. Land-form design strategies, which are designed to capture, store, and release water effectively into reconstructed watersheds is the foundation of successfully reclaimed ecosystems. Because plant functional groups can differ in their spatial and temporal acquisition of resources, improving functional diversity may be a method to more fully utilize soil nutrients in reclaimed soils and improve resilience to weed invasion. Strategically combining species with different seed/seedling traits in seed mixtures can increase chances of achieving adequate plant establishment during revegetation. Monitoring program design should be an integral part of the reclamation planning process, and indicators reflecting landscape-scale processes can be adapted to monitor reclamation project success. Effective reclamation plans are process-oriented, seek to initiate self-repair, and address landscape interactions. The probability of achieving successful reclamation is enhanced by pursuing a broader goal of improving ecosystem vigor, organization and resilience utilizing novel assemblages of species that perform desired functions and produce a range of ecosystem goods and services. Reclaiming mined land requires realistic objectives that consider the ecological potential of the site, land-use goals, and socioeconomic constraints. Additional

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Section: Consideration Of Propagule Pressure By Both Desirable Plant mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Adapted from Levine et al, 2004;Vasquez et al, 2010; USGS Early Detection of Invasive Plant Species Handbook, 2014).…”

Section: Consideration Of Propagule Pressure By Both Desirable Plant mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Diverse, Effective, and Permanent Plant Communities on Reclaimed Surface Coal Mines: Restoring Ecosystem Function

Vasquez¹,

Sheley²

2018

JASMR

Self Cite

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“…Over recent decades, however, pastoralist livelihoods have come increasingly under pressure and are caught in a downward spiral of resource depletion, and diminishing resilience against climate and non-climate changes (Dong et al 2010;Eneyew 2012). The impacts of rangeland degradation, for example, reducing the potential of rangeland ecosystems to provide goods and services (Vasquez et al 2010), and the acute shortage of pasture land is forcing local communities to abandon traditional systems of livestock-based livelihoods and engage in alternative options.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livelihood diversification as an adaptation approach to change in the pastoral Hindu-Kush Himalayan region

Ismail

Joshi

et al. 2014

J. Mt. Sci.

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Migratory livestock raising has been one of the most important livelihood options for people residing in high mountain areas and has made a significant contribution to the economy of the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region, both in terms of supporting households and in export earnings. However, in recent decades, changes in the socioeconomic situation and increasing climate variability have led to a need to enhance adaptation by building the resilience of local socio-ecological systems, including economic diversification and sustainable management of natural resources. Based on semistructured interviews with pastoral communities in six countries within the pastoral HKH region, this paper discusses the situation, trends and driving forces behind the diversification of pastoral livelihood. For internal diversification the study highlights the need for enhancement of pastoral livelihoods through value-adding activities in the pastoral sectors. For external diversification changes on policy changes are needed to support free out-migration, market exploitation, and multiple resource use. Finally the paper highlights the role of education in determining household adaptation strategies in the face of various socio-ecological pressures and recommends integrating innovative and indigenous knowledge to develop appropriate methods for risk management and resource management in the pastoral HKH region.

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“…This is because over time, the productivity, quality, and longevity of pastures usually declines as a result of reduced plant stand vigor and loss of productive forage species. This is mostly a consequence of seasonal lack of moisture (drought), pests [such as leafhoppers ( Macrosteles quadrilineatus Forbes] and alfalfa weevil ( Hypera postica Gyllenhal)], weeds, brush invasion, and overgrazing in pastures (Vasquez et al, 2010; Aasen and Bjorge, 2009; Stewart, 2004; Monaco et al, 2002). In pastures, weeds and shrubs or brush encroachment can be a serious problem and can be difficult to control.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Methods of Pasture Rejuvenation for Improved Forage Production

Omokanye¹,

Westerlund²,

Lardner

et al. 2019

Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Management

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Methods to improving depleted forage stand by seeding, weed control, fertilizer application, and aeration were investigated. A combination of vegetation control + direct seeding improved forage yield, crude protein, and total digestible nutrients. A 2‐year combined forage yield for four methods increased profit from forage production. A 3‐year on‐farm study was conducted in northwestern Alberta to determine the effects of several pasture rejuvenation methods such as breaking and reseeding, spraying to control weeds and brush, forage‐seeding methods, fertilizer application, pasture rest, and aeration/spiking on forage dry matter (DM) yield, botanical composition, and forage quality. Three years after methods were implemented, the pasture rejuvenation methods investigated significantly affected (P < 0.05) forage DM yield; forage botanical composition; forage Ca, P, Ca:P ratio, K, Mg, and Cu; revenue generated for forage production; and marginal returns. Rejuvenation methods did not affect (P > 0.05) forage C:P ratio, S, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn, and total digestible nutrients. Spring herbicide application + direct seeding (RSS), fertilizer application (FERT), and fall herbicide application + broadcast seed in spring (RFBSS) improved forage production and some forage quality parameters more than other methods over control. Legume composition in the total forage production was as much as 29% for RSS compared with 2–17% for other methods including the control. For a 2‐year combined forage DM yield after methods were implemented, total forage DM yield, revenue generated, and marginal returns for forage production as well as profit over control were significantly greater (P < 0.05) for RSS than other pasture rejuvenation methods investigated. The study demonstrated that RSS improved forage DM yield and some quality parameters (particularly crude protein, Ca, and Ca:P). Also, RSS increased both revenue and profit over most methods including control. Results suggest RSS can be recommended as an effective method or option of improving the forage productivity of depleted pastures.

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Invasive Plants on Rangelands: A Global Threat

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Developing Diverse, Effective, and Permanent Plant Communities on Reclaimed Surface Coal Mines: Restoring Ecosystem Function

Developing Diverse, Effective, and Permanent Plant Communities on Reclaimed Surface Coal Mines: Restoring Ecosystem Function

Livelihood diversification as an adaptation approach to change in the pastoral Hindu-Kush Himalayan region

Evaluation of Methods of Pasture Rejuvenation for Improved Forage Production

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