Inventors Versus Problem Solvers: An Empirical Investigation

Smilansky, Jonathan; Halberstadt, Naftali

doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.1986.tb00436.x

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…To satisfy this requirement we will consider a problem finding task (Smilansky, 1984;Smilansky & Halberstadt, 1986). These authors asked individuals first to perform the last two sets, Sets D and E, of the Standard Progressive Matrices test, (SPM, Raven, 1938Raven, /1998, and afterwards to create an SPM test item, i.e.…”

Section: Creative Reasoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creative reasoning across developmental levels: Convergence and divergence in problem creation

2012

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We recently proposed the Creative Reasoning Test (CRT), a test for reasoning in ill-defined problem spaces. The test asks children who first performed the Standard Progressive Matrices test (SPM) to next generate an SPM-style test item themselves. The item is scored based on different aspects of its complexity. Here we introduce a method to provide separate sub scores for convergent and divergent production. A sample of 205 children from Grades 1 to 4 performed in both SPM and CRT, followed by a standard creativity test, the Test of Creative ThinkingDrawing Production (TCT-DP). We considered developmental aspects of the CRT scores as well as how they relate to classical reasoning and creativity test scores. Whereas the convergent production sub score of the CRT correlated with the SPM, the divergent production sub score correlated with the TCT-DP and no correlation was observed between both sub scores of the CRT. We concluded that convergent and divergent abilities in creative production can be assessed independently, within the same knowledge domain as classical problem solving.

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Section: Creative Reasoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creative reasoning across developmental levels: Convergence and divergence in problem creation

2012

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“…In sketching, we may therefore look at the production of new items or features as an index of divergent production. Getzels (1975), Getzels and Czikszentmihalyi (1976), Smilanski (1984), Smilanski and Halberstadt (1986), and Wertheimer (1945/1968 argued that a design problem could not be solved by divergent activity alone. Both convergent and divergent thinking processes have to be integrated to arrive at a quality formulation.…”

Section: Divergent and Convergent Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sketches from a Design Process: Creative Cognition Inferred From Intermediate Products

Jaarsveld

Leeuwen

2005

Cognitive Science

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Novice designers produced a sequence of sketches while inventing a logo for a novel brand of soft drink. The sketches were scored for the presence of specific objects, their local features and global composition. Self-assessment scores for each sketch and art critics' scores for the end products were collected. It was investigated whether the design evolves in an essentially random fashion or according to an overall heuristic. The results indicated a macrostructure in the evolution of the design, characterized by two stages. For the majority of participants, the first stage is marked by the introduction and modification of novel objects and their local and global aspects; the second stage is characterized by changes in their global composition. The minority that showed the better designs has a different strategy, in which most global changes were made in the beginning. Although participants did not consciously apply these strategies, their self-assessment scores reflect the stages of the process.

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“…Contrasts between divergent and convergent thought and between innovation and adaption goals are combined to create four categories of effort. Finding problems has been found to correlate with innovating new paradigms and solving exlstlng problems correlates with adapting old paradigms (Arlln, 1977;Basadur & Finkbeiner, 1985;Getzels & Csikszentmihalyi, 1975;Kirton, 1987;Smilansky & Halberstadt, 1986). Ideation correlates with innovation tendencies, and evaluation correlates with adaption tendencies, which is logical because ideation aids innovation and evaluation aids adaption (Kirton, 1980;Matherly & Goldsmith, 1985;Thomson, 1980).…”

Section: Considered When Expealnsag Variations In the Cps Processmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Independent judgement and complex outlook best predicted creative efforts to achieve Middle East peace (Barron, 1988), and independence and good selfimage predicted good problem finding (Smilansky & Halberstadt, 1986). The related traits of work absorption, self-organization, task focus, opportunism, energy, power seeking, and self-confidence tempered by self-criticism were also linked to creativity (Helson, 1996;Schneiderman, 1984;Tardif & Sternberg, 1988).…”

Section: Divergent Thinkers Are More Likely To Show Confidence Intermentioning

confidence: 95%

Understanding, Measuring, and Enhancing Individual Creative Problem-Solving Efforts

Brophy¹

1998

Creativity Research Journal

150

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Inventors Versus Problem Solvers: An Empirical Investigation

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Creative reasoning across developmental levels: Convergence and divergence in problem creation

Creative reasoning across developmental levels: Convergence and divergence in problem creation

Sketches from a Design Process: Creative Cognition Inferred From Intermediate Products

Understanding, Measuring, and Enhancing Individual Creative Problem-Solving Efforts

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