Inventory decision-making models for a closed-loop supply chain system

A hub-and-spoke model for multi-dimensional integration of green marketing and sustainable supply chain management

“…Closed-loop supply chains are those supply chains where care is taken of items once they are no longer desired or can no longer be used. A closed-loop supply chain consists of a forward chain and a reverse chain (Chan, Yin, & Chan, 2010;Yuan & Gao, 2010). In the forward chain, raw materials are transformed into new products, distributed to and used by customers.…”

Inventory model optimization for supplier-manufacturer-retailer system with rework and waste disposal

“…The following parameters are adopted from [14] The number of returned items calculated using equation (1) is 548 units. Table 1 shows the optimal solutions of the case.…”

“…Formerly, some studies have initiated the development of inventory model in the system with product returns, including [9][10][11]. Some researchers have also extended the model by including some aspects such as collaborations, stochastic demand and returns, dependent return rate, imperfect production and reworks [12][13][14][15][16]. Yuan and Gao [14] developed a cost minimization model of the CLSC inventory system and determined the optimal solutions for each party.…”

“…Some researchers have also extended the model by including some aspects such as collaborations, stochastic demand and returns, dependent return rate, imperfect production and reworks [12][13][14][15][16]. Yuan and Gao [14] developed a cost minimization model of the CLSC inventory system and determined the optimal solutions for each party. The model was an extended study of [21], in which they investigated both (R,1) and (1,P) policies.…”

“…The decision to choose the right number of manufacturing and remanufacturing cycles is surely a challenging effort in the system of CLSC, since each operation is performed sequentially due to the lack of production equipment and machinery. Teunter [15], [14] and [16] are some studies that investigated multiple cycle policy of remanufacturing and manufacturing operations in the system of reversed logistics.…”