“…Qi et al [8] introduced particle swarm optimization technique into inverse radiation problems and obtained satisfactory results. Hoffmann et al [9] considered an inverse design of a three-dimensional enclosure by diffuse but non-gray surfaces using the truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD). Salinas [10] presented an inverse analysis of temperature field estimation in a two-dimensional gray media by the discrete ordinate method and the conjugate gradient method.…”