An analytical-numerical solution of the spatial problem of elasticity theory for a composite in the form of a layer with two longitudinal endless continuous cylindrical inclusions is proposed. Homogeneous, isotropic materials of the layer and inclusions differ from each other in the modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio. Normal stresses are set on the upper and lower boundaries of the layer. The object of study is the stress state of such a composite. The problem is the lack of a high-precision method for calculating multiply connected bodies of this type. The solution of the problem is based on the generalized Fourier method for the Lame equations in various coordinate systems. The problem is reduced to an infinite system of linear algebraic equations, which is solved by the reduction method. In a numerical study, the stress state was obtained inside the composite bodies, within their conjugations, and on the isthmus between inclusions. It has been established that extreme stresses sρ=–0.9306 MPa, sf=–0.5595 MPa, tρf=–0.315 MPa occur on the mating face. Analysis of the stress state indicates the need to take into account the normal stresses on the mating surface. This is due to the presence of a binder, which may differ in physical characteristics from the main components of the composite. The results have logical physical correctness and, in simplified versions, are fully consistent with the results of similar problems from other approved sources. In the work, the transition formulas in the basic solutions between different coordinate systems, the conjugation conditions for different bodies, and the strict fulfillment of the equilibrium conditions for given boundary functions are simultaneously applied. This made it possible to obtain a high-precision solution of a new problem in the theory of elasticity for a layer with cylindrical inclusions and given only stresses on the boundary surfaces. The proposed method of calculation can be applied in the design of structures made of fibrous composites in the aircraft industry and construction.