“…The six papers in this special issue cover multiple aspects of ecosystems, including complementarity, capabilities, co-creation and co-evolution (see Table 1). It is noted that four papers focus on innovation ecosystems, including one paper on green innovation system (Fan et al , 2022) and another one on digital innovation system (Li et al , 2022b). Indeed, both green innovation and digital innovation have attracted close attention in academia and practice in the recent years (Li et al , 2022a; Vial, 2019).…”