Investigating the impact of weathering and indoor aging on wood acidity using spectroscopic analyses

Hamed, S. A. M.; Salem, Mohamed Z. M.; Ali, Hayssam M.; Ahmed, M. M.

doi:10.15376/biores.15.3.6506-6525

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Wood, as a natural material, can be deteriorated by biodegradation, weathering and ageing. Weathering (the slow degradation of materials exposed to the weather) and Polymers 2021, 13, 3483 2 of 21 accelerated weathering (the laboratory emulation of the damaging factors of weather for the aim of anticipating the relative strength of materials exposed to outdoor environments) have been studied for their effects on the properties of wood [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. By investigating the heat treatment, the ageing mechanism of wood can be evaluated [9,10].…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effects of Iron Rust on the Ageing of Woods and Their Derived Pulp Paper

et al. 2021

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The accelerated ageing of wood in terms of heating or iron rusting has a potential effect on the physio-mechanical, chemical and biological properties of wood. The effects of accelerated ageing on the mechanical, physical and fungal activity properties of some wood materials (Schinus terebinthifolius, Erythrina humeana, Tectona grandis, Pinus rigida and Juglans nigra) were studied after several cycles of heating and iron rusting. The fungal activity was assayed against the growth of Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium culmorum and Stemphylium solani. In addition, the mechanical and optical properties of paper sheets produced from those wood pulps by means of Kraft cooking were evaluated. The mechanical and chemical properties of the studied wood species were affected significantly (p < 0.05) by the accelerated ageing, compared to control woods. With Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, we detected an increase in the intensity of the spectra of the functional groups of cellulose in the heated samples, which indicates an increase in cellulose content and decrease in lignin content, compared to other chemical compounds. For pulp properties, woods treated by heating showed a decrease in the pulp yield. The highest significant values of tensile strength were observed in pulp paper produced from untreated, heated and iron-rusted P. rigida wood and they were 69.66, 65.66 and 68.33 N·m/g, respectively; we calculated the tear resistance from pulp paper of untreated P. rigida (8.68 mN·m2/g) and T. grandis (7.83 mN·m2/g) and rusted P. rigida (7.56 mN·m2/g) wood; we obtained the values of the burst strength of the pulp paper of untreated woods of P. rigida (8.19 kPa·m2/g) and T. grandis (7.49 kPa·m2/g), as well as the fold number of the pulp paper of untreated, heated and rusted woods from P. rigida, with values of 195.66, 186.33 and 185.66, respectively. After 14 days from the incubation, no fungal inhibition zones were observed. Accelerated ageing (heated or iron-rusted) produced significant effects on the mechanical and chemical properties of the studied wood species and affected the properties of the produced pulp paper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Iron Rust on the Ageing of Woods and Their Derived Pulp Paper

et al. 2021

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“…This is explained by their nature as volatile organic acids and their ability to dissolve in water, which could cause them to be easily removed with water. Hamed et al [70] analyzed and compared wood stored indoors and outdoors, monitoring the rate of wood degradation using the detection of organic acids. According to their conclusions, the non-air-conditioned indoor environment causes the formation of acids and the influence of this environment on the components of wood is higher than the influence of the outdoor environment, which primarily causes weathering and a significant difference in the rate of acetic acid production between wood types depending on the proportion of acetyl groups, which affect the formation of acetic acid.…”

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Evaluation of Chemical and Morphological Properties of Spruce Wood Stored in the Natural Environment

Čabalová,

Bélik,

Kučerová

et al. 2023

Polymers

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This paper focuses on the changes in chemical structure and fiber morphological properties of spruce wood during 15 months of its storage in an open forest woodshed. From the chemical composition, the extractives, cellulose, holocellulose, and lignin content were determined. The pH value was measured on the wood surface using a contact electrode. Acetic and formic acid, saccharides (glucose, xylose, galactose, arabinose and mannose), and polymerization degree (PD) of cellulose were analyzed using the HPLC method. Fiber length and width were determined using a fiber tester analyzer. After 15 months of storage the content of both cellulose (determined by the Seifert method) and lignin did not change; the quantity of hemicelluloses decreased by 13.2%, due to its easier degradation and less stability compared to cellulose; and the pH value dropped by one degree. HPLC analyses showed a total decrease in the cellulose DP of 9.2% and in saccharides of 40.2%, while the largest decreases were recorded in the quantity of arabinose, by 72%, in the quantity of galactose, by 61%, and in the quantity of xylose, by 43%. Organic acids were not detected due to their high volatility during wood storage. The total decrease in average fiber length was 38.2% and in width was 4.8%. An increase in the proportion of shorter fibers, and a decrease in the proportion of longer fibers, was recorded. It can be concluded that fundamental changes occurred in the wood, which could affect the quality of further products (e.g., chips, pulp, paper, particleboards).

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