Investigating the impacts of web servers on web application energy usage

Manotas, Irene; Sahin, Cagri; Clause, James; Pollock, Lori; Winbladh, Kristina

doi:10.1109/greens.2013.6606417

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These investigations include empirical studies on the impacts of applying design patterns [7,13,19], inlining methods [8], and choosing among available components such as web servers [14], sorting algorithm implementations [6], and web browsers [2]. Although these studies have provided encouraging results, they are all preliminary in nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

How do code refactorings affect energy usage?

Sahin

Pollock

Clause

2014

Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement

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Context: Code refactoring's benefits to understandability, maintainability and extensibility are well known enough that automated support for refactoring is now common in IDEs. However, the decision to apply such transformations is currently performed without regard to the impacts of the refactorings on energy consumption. This is primarily due to a lack of information and tools to provide such relevant information to developers. Unfortunately, concerns about energy efficiency are rapidly becoming a high priority concern in many environments, including embedded systems, laptops, mobile devices, and data centers.Goal: We aim to address the lack of information about the energy efficiency impacts of code refactorings. Method:We conducted an empirical study to investigate the energy impacts of 197 applications of 6 commonly-used refactorings.Results: We found that refactorings can not only impact energy usage but can also increase and decrease the amount of energy used by an application. In addition, we also show that metrics commonly believed to correlate with energy usage are unlikely to be able to fully predict the impact of applying a refactoring. Conclusion:The results from this and similar studies could be used to augment IDEs to help software developers build more energy efficient software.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

How do code refactorings affect energy usage?

Sahin

Pollock

Clause

2014

Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement

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“…Manotas and colleagues [25] compare the energy consumption of web applications on different web servers. They measure the energy consumption of seven web applications on five different web servers.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into energy-saving programming practices for Android smartphone app development

Halfond

2014

Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Green and Sustainable Software

109

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Developing energy efficient mobile applications is an important goal for software developers as energy usage can directly affect the usability of a mobile device. Unfortunately, developers lack guidance as to how to improve the energy efficiency of their implementation and which practices are most useful. In this paper we conducted a small-scale empirical evaluation of commonly suggested energy-saving and performance-enhancing coding practices. In the evaluation we evaluated the degree to which these practices were able to save energy as compared to their unoptimized code counterparts. Our results provide useful guidance for mobile app developers. In particular, we found that bundling network packets up to a certain size and using certain coding practices for reading array length information, accessing class fields, and performing invocations all led to reduced energy consumption. However, other practices, such as limiting memory usage had a very minimal impact on energy usage. These results serve to inform the developer community about specific coding practices that can help lower the overall energy consumption and improve the usability of their applications.

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“…Manotas et al [23] investigated the energy impact of web servers in web applications. Using a specialized framework, authors executed a web application with three different web servers and analyzed the resulting energy consumption.…”

Section: Capra Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical evaluation of two best practices for energy-efficient software development

Procaccianti

Fernández

Lago

2016

Journal of Systems and Software

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Background. Energy efficiency is an increasingly important property of software. A large number of empirical studies have been conducted on the topic. However, current state-of-the-Art does not provide empiricallyvalidated guidelines for developing energy-efficient software. Aim. This study aims at assessing the impact, in terms of energy savings, of best practices for achieving software energy efficiency, elicited from previous work. By doing so, it identifies which resources are affected by the practices and the possible trade-offs with energy consumption. Method. We performed an empirical experiment in a controlled environment, where we applied two different Green Software practices to two software applications, namely query optimization in MySQL Server and usage of "sleep" instruction in the Apache web server. We then performed a comparison of the energy consumption at system-level and at resource-level, before and after applying the practice. Results. Our results show that both practices are effective in improving software energy efficiency, reducing consumption up to 25%. We observe that after applying the practices, resource usage is more energy-proportional i.e. increasing CPU usage increases energy consumption in an almost linear way. We also provide our reflections on empirical experimentation in software energy efficiency. Conclusions. Our contribution shows that significant improvements in software energy efficiency can be gained by applying best practices during design * Corresponding author Email addresses: g.procaccianti@vu.nl (Giuseppe Procaccianti), hector.fernandez@vu.nl (Hector Fernandez), p.lago@vu.nl (Patricia Lago)Preprint accepted for publication in Journal of Systems and Software February 24, 2016 and development. Future work will be devoted to further validate best practices, and to improve their reusability.

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Investigating the impacts of web servers on web application energy usage

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

How do code refactorings affect energy usage?

How do code refactorings affect energy usage?

An investigation into energy-saving programming practices for Android smartphone app development

Empirical evaluation of two best practices for energy-efficient software development

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