Investigating the role of age and maturation on the association between tennis experience and cognitive function in junior beginner to intermediate-level tennis players

Turner, Mitchell; Ishihara, Toru; Beranek, Philipp; Turner, Kate; Fransen, Job; Born, Philipp; Cruickshank, Travis

doi:10.1177/17479541211055841

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“… Beavan et al, 2019 ; Musculus et al, 2019 ) to infer the relevance of soccer-specific cognitive functions on the route to expertise in soccer. In particular, comparing players of different ages and expertise levels can help clarify which sport-specific cognitive functions are either developing or are indeed expertise related (see e.g., Beavan et al, 2020a ; Heilmann et al, 2022b ; Turner et al, 2022 ). By conducting a systematic line of experiments, the predictive validity of the tasks for (future) expertise could also be established further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assist for Cognitive Diagnostics in Soccer: Two Valid Tasks Measuring Inhibition and Cognitive Flexibility in a Soccer-Specific Setting With a Soccer-Specific Motor Response

et al. 2022

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In professional soccer, players, coaches, and researchers alike recognize the importance of cognitive skills. Research addressing the relevance of cognitive skills has been based on the cognitive component skills approach (i.e., general cognitive processes) or the expert performance approach (i.e., sport-specific cognitive processes). Our project aimed to combine the strengths of both approaches to develop and validate cognitive tasks measuring inhibition and cognitive flexibility in a soccer-specific setting with a soccer-specific motor response. In the main study 77 elite youth soccer players completed a computerized version of the standard flanker and number–letter tasks as well as flanker and number–letter tasks requiring a soccer-specific motor response (i.e., pass) in a soccer-specific setting (i.e., the SoccerBot360). Results show good reliability for both tasks. For the SoccerBot360 number–letter task, switch effects for response times and accuracy and acceptable convergent validity were shown. A flanker effect for response time but not accuracy was apparent. Due to no acceptable convergent validity, the flanker task was revised (i.e., adaptation of stimuli) and 63 adult soccer players participated in a follow-up validation study in the SoccerBot100. The revised flanker task showed the flanker effect for response time, but not for accuracy. However, acceptable convergent validity for response time was present. Thus, the soccer-specific number–letter and to some extent the soccer-specific flanker task show potential to be used as a valid cognitive diagnostic tool by soccer clubs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assist for Cognitive Diagnostics in Soccer: Two Valid Tasks Measuring Inhibition and Cognitive Flexibility in a Soccer-Specific Setting With a Soccer-Specific Motor Response

et al. 2022

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“…A possible explanation for the discrepancy in our findings is the threshold hypothesis, which indicates that the participants may have reached the required level of cognitive performance needed to carry out the motor task, in this case, tennis groundstrokes. 21,55 However, it is expected that cognitive attributes will be more relevant in tactical game-based tests, which were not conducted in this study. These postulations nevertheless need exploring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An excellent test re-test reliability has been observed for total time in the TAT (ICC = 0.95; SEM = 0.11; 95% CI = 6.61, 7.04). 34 Each participant was required to stand in a ‘ready position’ straddling the centre mark of the baseline. The tester, who was standing on the opposing baseline, initiated the test by performing either a forehand or backhand swing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, while sports-specific skills require a certain level of cognitive function, attaining a level above this may not correlate with improved sports-specific skills. 21 Despite the findings above, as well as the known importance of tennis-specific skills, such as groundstroke velocity and accuracy, there has been limited research on the cognitive underpinnings, such as executive functions, 22,23 complex attention, 24 and perceptual-motor attributes, 22,25,26 of tennis-specific skills. A recent study with novice young adult (19-25 years of age) tennis players found groundstroke accuracy was only enhanced with the inclusion of tennisspecific cognitive training, using video footage of tennis strokes and rallies, in addition to regular tennis skills training following an eight-week intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, while sports-specific skills require a certain level of cognitive function, attaining a level above this may not correlate with improved sports-specific skills. 21…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between junior tennis players’ physical and cognitive attributes and groundstroke performance

Turner

Russell

Turner

et al. 2022

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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Improving groundstroke velocity and accuracy is critical for tennis success. However, there is limited research available on the physical and cognitive attributes required for groundstroke performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the physical and cognitive characteristics and their association with groundstroke performance in junior tennis players. Thirty-four competitive junior tennis players, aged 12.59 ± 2.44 years, participated in this cross-sectional study. Cognitive tests assessing processing speed, complex attention, cognitive flexibility and problem-solving capacity and physical tests assessing flexibility, speed, agility, power, strength and anaerobic and aerobic capacity were performed. Tennis groundstroke performance was evaluated using a novel tennis groundstroke assessment. Tennis groundstroke performance was associated ( p < 0.05) with the number of hours a participant practices per week, their ranking, lower and upper body power, tennis agility test (decision and total time), linear speed, upper body strength and aerobic capacity. Specifically, an estimated 83.76% of the groundstroke velocity accuracy index variability was explained by grip strength in the dominant hand and ranking. An estimated 79.63% of the groundstroke velocity accuracy error index variability was explained by the number of hours a participant practices per week and their ranking. Our study showed an association between tennis groundstroke performance and physical but not cognitive outcomes in junior tennis players. Specific attention should be dedicated to developing the upper body strength of junior tennis players for improved groundstroke velocity and accuracy. This knowledge can assist tennis coaches in planning effective training sessions.

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The impact of sleep behaviours, chronotype and time of match on the internal and external outcomes of a tennis match

Turner

Beranek

Sahrom

et al. 2022

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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Tennis match performance is often evaluated by a player's internal (heart rate) and external (match analytics) outcomes. Numerous factors could influence these outcomes, including the time of day, which may be advantageous or not depending on a player's chronotype. This study aimed to determine the influence time of day, chronotype and sleep–wake behaviour (SWB) had on internal and external outcomes of tennis matches. Twelve state-level male tennis players, with a mean age of 28 ± 7, stature of 183 ± 7 and body mass of 86.6 ± 17.4 wore an actigraph device and completed a sleep diary for the study duration. Based on rankings, players were paired against the same opponent and completed three tennis matches at 8:00 am, 2:00 pm and 8:00 pm, separated by a minimum of 48 h. Fatigue and chronotype, measured by the Fatigue Severity Scale, Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire and midsleep time, were assessed before matches; motivation, measured by the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, was assessed after matches. During matches, players wore global positioning systems and heart rate monitors; the match analytics and players’ rate of perceived exertion were recorded. Increased unforced errors and decreased winners and forced errors were observed in the evening matches. Decreased total distance and rate of perceived exertion during the second set were found for the evening compared to morning and afternoon matches. Chronotype and sleep–wake behaviour had trivial to weak associations with internal and external outcomes. These results indicate that players and coaches should consider the match times when training for future tournaments.

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Investigating the role of age and maturation on the association between tennis experience and cognitive function in junior beginner to intermediate-level tennis players

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

An Assist for Cognitive Diagnostics in Soccer: Two Valid Tasks Measuring Inhibition and Cognitive Flexibility in a Soccer-Specific Setting With a Soccer-Specific Motor Response

An Assist for Cognitive Diagnostics in Soccer: Two Valid Tasks Measuring Inhibition and Cognitive Flexibility in a Soccer-Specific Setting With a Soccer-Specific Motor Response

The association between junior tennis players’ physical and cognitive attributes and groundstroke performance

The impact of sleep behaviours, chronotype and time of match on the internal and external outcomes of a tennis match

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