Investigation into the effect of static stretching on the active stiffness and damping characteristics of the ankle joint plantar flexors

Hunter, David G.; Coveney, V. A.; Spriggs, J.

doi:10.1054/ptsp.2000.0040

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Further analysis between football positions did not reveal any significant differences in the mechanical properties of the triceps surae ( Table 2). The results obtained in the present study are in agreement with the findings reported in other studies that used the same free oscillation technique and participants randomly recruited through advertising (Hunter et al, 2001. The overall musculo-articular stiffness mean value obtained in the present study was 20515 N.m In many sports, the implementation of both strength and endurance training into workout programs is of importance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Mechanical properties of the triceps surae: Differences between football and non-football players

Faria

Gabriel

Abrantes

et al. 2013

Journal of Sports Sciences

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We investigated the mechanical properties of the triceps surae between professional, junior, and nonfootball players. Fifty-nine men participated in this study. The mechanical properties of the right legs' triceps surae were measured in vivo using a free oscillation technique; no significant differences existed between the groups. The mean results for musculo-articular stiffness, damping coefficient, and damping ratio were as follows: professional football players (21523 N.m Thus, football training, football games, and the position played had no effect on triceps surae mechanical properties. These results may be attributed to opposing adaptations between different types of training that are usually implemented in football. Alternatively, the minimum strain amplitude and/or frequency threshold of the triceps surae required to trigger adaptations of mechanical properties might not be achieved by football players with football training and matches.3

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Moreover, as damping can be related to energy absorption, an increase in damping characteristics (i.e., damping coefficient and damping ratio) may indicate an increased ability to absorb energy and minimize the risk of injuries (Hunter et al, 2001). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of the triceps surae: Differences between football and non-football players

Faria

Gabriel

Abrantes

et al. 2013

Journal of Sports Sciences

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“…Stiffness and damping characteristics of the ankle joint plantar flexors were not affected by static stretching [67, 68]. …”

Section: Concept Of Mechanical Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above studies about the ankle joint in plantar/dorsi flexion motion made use of a second-order quasi-linear underdamped system, by which elastic stiffness, damping coefficient, natural frequency, and moment of inertia of the foot about the ankle joint could be evaluated. Stiffness and damping characteristics of the ankle joint plantar flexors were not affected by static stretching [ 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Concept Of Mechanical Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Impedance and Its Relations to Motor Control, Limb Dynamics, and Motion Biomechanics

Mizrahi

2015

J. Med. Biol. Eng.

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The concept of mechanical impedance represents the interactive relationship between deformation kinematics and the resulting dynamics in human joints or limbs. A major component of impedance, stiffness, is defined as the ratio between the force change to the displacement change and is strongly related to muscle activation. The set of impedance components, including effective mass, inertia, damping, and stiffness, is important in determining the performance of the many tasks assigned to the limbs and in counteracting undesired effects of applied loads and disturbances. Specifically for the upper limb, impedance enables controlling manual tasks and reaching motions. In the lower limb, impedance is responsible for the transmission and attenuation of impact forces in tasks of repulsive loadings. This review presents an updated account of the works on mechanical impedance and its relations with motor control, limb dynamics, and motion biomechanics. Basic questions related to the linearity and nonlinearity of impedance and to the factors that affect mechanical impedance are treated with relevance to upper and lower limb functions, joint performance, trunk stability, and seating under dynamic conditions. Methods for the derivation of mechanical impedance, both those for within the system and material–structural approaches, are reviewed. For system approaches, special attention is given to methods aimed at revealing the correct and sufficient degree of nonlinearity of impedance. This is particularly relevant in the design of spring-based artificial legs and robotic arms. Finally, due to the intricate relation between impedance and muscle activity, methods for the explicit expression of impedance of contractile tissue are reviewed.

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“…Vários estudos tentaram identificar a influência de programas de exercícios de alongamento nas características visco-elásticas da musculatura (9,10,11,12) ou na amplitude articular (13,14,15). Alguns deles demonstram que exercícios de alongamento aplicados de forma aguda e crônica têm sido eficazes para modificar as propriedades musculares e a marcha em terreno plano (16,17).…”

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Efeito agudo do alongamento na marcha de idosas em terreno inclinado

2015

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Introdução O envelhecimento causa modificações musculares que influenciam negativamente a capacidade funcional dos idosos na locomoção, em especial durante a transposição de superfícies inclinadas. Essas mudanças geram redução da performance, diminuindo a mobilidade e aumentando o risco de queda na execução de tal tarefa. Os exercícios de alongamento podem reduzir a influência de dessas degenerações, preservando a capacidade muscular e a mobilidade. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atuação do efeito agudo de uma sessão de exercícios de alongamento sobre a marcha de idosas durante a locomoção em uma rampa. Materiais e métodos Doze mulheres idosas, saudáveis e independentes, caminharam subindo e descendo uma rampa com inclinação de 10%. A análise cinemática (2D) e eletromiográfica foi realizada durante uma única sessão experimental, imediatamente antes (PRÉ) e após (PÓS) a realização de um exercício de alongamento estático dos flexores do quadril. Resultados O exercício de alongamento gerou aumento da amplitude (PRÉ 52,3 ± 18,30; PÓS 63,6 ± 16,90) e velocidade (PRÉ 195,8 ± 31,20/s; PÓS 241,8 ± 29,80/s) do quadril, assim como redução do tempo de ativação do tibial anterior (PRÉ TAFIN1 29,7 ± 6,7%; TAFIN2 100,0 ± 0,0%; PÓS TAFIN1 23,3 ± 7,4%; TAFIN2 87,7 ± 3,4%) e do bíceps femoral (PRÉ 45,0 ± 5,4%; PÓS 36,1 ± 10,4%) na subida na rampa. Na descida ocorreu aumento na velocidade da marcha (PRÉ 0,95 ± 0,18 m.s-1; PÓS 1,01 ± 0,22 m.s-1) e tamanho do passo (PRÉ 1,02 ± 0,15 m; PÓS 1,08 ± 0,18 m). Conclusão Os exercícios utilizados foram capazes de alterar de forma significativa os parâmetros avaliados, permitindo uma marcha mais veloz e reduzindo a ativação muscular. Estudos longitudinais são necessários para que os resultados aqui encontrados de forma temporária possam ser confirmados de forma permanente.

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Investigation into the effect of static stretching on the active stiffness and damping characteristics of the ankle joint plantar flexors

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Mechanical properties of the triceps surae: Differences between football and non-football players

Mechanical properties of the triceps surae: Differences between football and non-football players

Mechanical Impedance and Its Relations to Motor Control, Limb Dynamics, and Motion Biomechanics

Efeito agudo do alongamento na marcha de idosas em terreno inclinado

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