Investigation into the Effects of Straw Retention and Nitrogen Reduction on CH4 and N2O Emissions from Paddy Fields in the Lower Yangtze River Region, China

Zhang, Gang; Wang, Dejian; Yu, Yuanchun

doi:10.3390/su12041683

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The total N balance errors of simulations were less than 3.8% of TNI for the 2020 and 2021 seasons. Typically, nitrification and denitrification are two important processes in paddy fields, and ammonia volatilization and N 2 O emission are important ways of N loss in the paddy field [56][57][58]. The N balance results were similar to previous studies [47,49], which were affected by the degree of soil saturation, oxygen, and temperature [59].…”

Section: Analysis Of N Concentration Dynamics and N Balancesupporting

confidence: 78%

Modeling the Water and Nitrogen Management Practices in Paddy Fields with HYDRUS-1D

Chen

et al. 2022

Agriculture

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Rice production involves abundant water and fertilizer inputs and is prone to nitrogen (N) loss via surface runoff and leaching, resulting in agricultural diffuse pollution. Based on a two-season paddy field experiment in Jiangsu Province, China, field water and N dynamics and their balances were determined with the well-calibrated HYDRUS-1D model. Then, scenarios of different controlled drainage and N fertilizer applications were simulated using the HYDRUS-1D model to analyze the features and factors of N loss from paddy fields. Evapotranspiration and deep percolation were the two dominant losses of total water input over the two seasons, with an average loss of 50.9% and 38.8%, respectively. Additionally, gaseous loss of N from the whole soil column accounted for more than half of total N input on average, i.e., ammonia volatilization (17.5% on average for two seasons) and denitrification (39.7%), while the N uptake by rice accounted for 37.1% on average. The ratio of N loss via surface runoff to total N input exceeded 20% when the N fertilizer rate reached 300 kg ha−1. More and longer rainwater storage in rice fields under controlled drainage reduced surface runoff losses but increased the risk of groundwater contamination by N leaching. Therefore, compared with raising the maximum ponding rainwater depth for controlled drainage, optimizing N fertilizer inputs may be more beneficial for controlling agricultural diffuse pollution by reducing N loss via surface runoff and leaching. The HYDRUS-1D model provides an approach for the quantitative decision-making process of sustainable agricultural water and N management.

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Section: Analysis Of N Concentration Dynamics and N Balancesupporting

confidence: 78%

Modeling the Water and Nitrogen Management Practices in Paddy Fields with HYDRUS-1D

Chen

et al. 2022

Agriculture

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“…CO 2 , by definition, has a GWP of 1 regardless of the time period used, because it is the gas being used as the reference. Over the years, the value for CH 4 has been increased and the value for N 2 O decreased [BIERNAT et al 2020;MYHRE et al 2013;ZHANG et al 2020b]. CH 4 emitted today lasts about a decade on average, which is much less time than CO 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Water and Land Development

2022

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The pot experiment was conducted to access the soil microorganisms biomass (physiological method -Substrate Induced Respiration) and emissions of N 2 O, CO 2 and CH 4 (photoacoustic infrared detection method), and grasses biomass (weight method). The obtained results of analysed gases were converted to CO 2 equivalent. There was no effect of the microorganisms biomass on the N 2 O emissions. The increase in CO 2 emissions was accompanied by an increase in the microorganisms biomass (r = 0.48) under the conditions of the I swath and acid soil reaction, as well as the II swath and neutral reaction (r = 0.94). On the other hand, in the case of CH 4 emission, such a relationship was noted both swaths under the conditions of neutral reaction (r = 0.51), but a negative correlation (r = -0.71) was noted for the acid reaction only at the II swath. The increase in the grasses biomass with the increase in the microorganisms biomass was recorded only at the II swath in neutral reaction (r = 0.91). In a short period of time, with the neutral soil reaction with the increase in the soil microorganisms biomass, an increase in CO 2 sequestration and biomass of cultivated grasses was noted. Information on the determination of the microorganisms groups responsible mainly for the transformation of carbon compounds and CO 2 and CH 4 emissions from the soils of grasslands would be valuable scientifically.

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“…Straw return (SR), as an important source of organic fertilizer, has been widely applied in the Yangtze River basin in southern China [12]. It is regarded as an efficient agronomic practice that not only preserves soil fertility but also diminishes fertilization investment [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Straw Return with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Morphology, Photosynthetic Capacity, Yield and Water–Nitrogen Use Efficiency Traits under Different Water Regimes

Chen¹,

Ma²,

Ding³

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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The sustainability of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation has been threatened by water deficit and nitrogen (N)-fertilizer abuse. Straw return combined with N-fertilizer reduction could be an effective agronomic practice to improve N-use efficiency in rice production, but the interaction with water-saving irrigation regimes remains largely unknown. Here, a 2-year paddy field experiment was conducted to elucidate the effects of irrigation regime (continuously flooded, CF; controlled irrigation and drainage, CID) and straw return with N reduction (conventional farmers’ fertilization practice of 300 kg N ha−1 without straw return, N300; straw return with 25% N reduction, SN225; straw return with 50% N reduction, SN150) on rice growth dynamics, grain yield and water–nitrogen utilization. The results showed that CID significantly affected photosynthesis and fluorescence indicators, and increased grain yield and water productivity of rice. Straw return with N reduction reduced most rice growth traits, exhibiting lower plant height, tillers, leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and dry matter accumulation, especially in vegetative growth under CF. In contrast, SN225 under CID showed compensatory effects on photosynthetic and fluorescence traits, thus improving N uptake during the reproductive growth stage. Despite a 6.6–7.1% yield reduction in SN225, 25% of N-fertilizer input was saved, with a corresponding increase in internal N-use efficiency and N-partial factor productivity. Overall, the present study indicates that straw return combined with moderate N deficiency might be a more eco-friendly and sustainable agronomic practice in water-saving irrigated rice fields.

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Investigation into the Effects of Straw Retention and Nitrogen Reduction on CH4 and N2O Emissions from Paddy Fields in the Lower Yangtze River Region, China

Cited by 10 publications

References 58 publications

Modeling the Water and Nitrogen Management Practices in Paddy Fields with HYDRUS-1D

Modeling the Water and Nitrogen Management Practices in Paddy Fields with HYDRUS-1D

Journal of Water and Land Development

Effects of Straw Return with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Morphology, Photosynthetic Capacity, Yield and Water–Nitrogen Use Efficiency Traits under Different Water Regimes

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