Investigation of Atmospheric Transformations of Diesel Emissions in the European Photoreactor (EUPHORE)

Zielińska, Barbara; Sagebiel, John C.; Stockwell, William R.; McDonald, Jake; Seagrave, JeanClare; Wiesen, Peter; Wirtz, Klaus

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4232-9_24

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Furthermore, the atmospheric lifetime of diesel exhaust PM ranges from minutes to several days and there is limited information about the physical and chemical transformation of these particles in the atmosphere, and what the overall toxicological consequences of these transformations are [ 79 ]. There is some indirect evidence that diesel exhaust particles may impact health to a greater extent as they age in the atmosphere [ 80 ].…”

Section: A Comparison Of the Health Effects Associated With Five Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Health Effects of Ambient Particulate Matter Air Pollution from Five Emission Sources

Hime

Marks

Cowie

2018

IJERPH

177

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This article briefly reviews evidence of health effects associated with exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution from five common outdoor emission sources: traffic, coal-fired power stations, diesel exhaust, domestic wood combustion heaters, and crustal dust. The principal purpose of this review is to compare the evidence of health effects associated with these different sources with a view to answering the question: Is exposure to PM from some emission sources associated with worse health outcomes than exposure to PM from other sources? Answering this question will help inform development of air pollution regulations and environmental policy that maximises health benefits. Understanding the health effects of exposure to components of PM and source-specific PM are active fields of investigation. However, the different methods that have been used in epidemiological studies, along with the differences in populations, emission sources, and ambient air pollution mixtures between studies, make the comparison of results between studies problematic. While there is some evidence that PM from traffic and coal-fired power station emissions may elicit greater health effects compared to PM from other sources, overall the evidence to date does not indicate a clear ‘hierarchy’ of harmfulness for PM from different emission sources. Further investigations of the health effects of source-specific PM with more advanced approaches to exposure modeling, measurement, and statistics, are required before changing the current public health protection approach of minimising exposure to total PM mass.

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Section: A Comparison Of the Health Effects Associated With Five Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Health Effects of Ambient Particulate Matter Air Pollution from Five Emission Sources

Hime

Marks

Cowie

2018

IJERPH

177

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This process introduces carbonyl and carboxylic acid functionality into the originally hydrophobic hydrocarbon emissions, decreases their saturation vapor pressures, and makes them more prone to partition into the particle phase whether by condensation or nucleation. Environmental simulation chambers provide a powerful method to examine these atmospheric transformations (e.g., Zielinska et al, 2006). Secondary aerosol formation can proceed directly from gas phase chemistry.…”

Section: How Do Atmospheric Process Alter Diesel Exhaust?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characterization of particulate emissions from diesel engines: A review

Maricq

2007

Journal of Aerosol Science

761

122

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“…Another possible way to deal with background is to investigate the photochemical reactions of complex mixtures derived from combustion processes for comparison with the so-called "pure" systems. Chamber experiments of this kind have included reactions of internal combustion and diesel engine exhaust, as well as biomass burning [8,77,[144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152].…”

Section: Limitations Of Laboratory Chemical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Chemistry in a Box or a Bag

Hidy¹

2019

Atmosphere

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Environmental chambers have proven to be essential for atmospheric photochemistry research. This historical perspective summarizes chamber research characterizing smog. Experiments with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)-nitrogen oxides (NO x ) have characterized O 3 and aerosol chemistry. These led to the creation and evaluation of complex reaction mechanisms adopted for various applications. Gas-phase photochemistry was initiated and developed using chamber studies. Post-1950s study of photochemical aerosols began using smog chambers. Much of the knowledge about the chemistry of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) derives from chamber studies complemented with specially designed atmospheric studies. Two major findings emerge from post-1990s SOA experiments: (1) photochemical SOAs hypothetically involve hydrocarbons and oxygenates with carbon numbers of 2, and (2) SOA evolves via more than one generation of reactions as condensed material exchanges with the vapor phase during "aging". These elements combine with multiphase chemistry to yield mechanisms for aerosols. Smog chambers, like all simulators, are limited representations of the atmosphere. Translation to the atmosphere is complicated by constraints in reaction times, container interactions, influence of precursor injections, and background species. Interpretation of kinetics requires integration into atmospheric models addressing the combined effects of precursor emissions, surface exchange, hydrometeor interactions, air motion and sunlight.

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Investigation of Atmospheric Transformations of Diesel Emissions in the European Photoreactor (EUPHORE)

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

A Comparison of the Health Effects of Ambient Particulate Matter Air Pollution from Five Emission Sources

A Comparison of the Health Effects of Ambient Particulate Matter Air Pollution from Five Emission Sources

Chemical characterization of particulate emissions from diesel engines: A review

Atmospheric Chemistry in a Box or a Bag

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