Investigation of biological activity of soil fungal extracts and LC/MS-QTOF based metabolite profiling

Abstract

Soil is considered an extensively explored ecological niche for microorganisms that produce useful biologically active natural products suitable for pharmaceutical applications. The current study aimed at investigating biological activities and metabolic profiles of three fungal strains identified from different desert sites in Saudi Arabia. Soil fungal isolates were collected from AlQasab, Tabuk, and Almuzahimiyah in Saudi Arabia and identified. Furthermore, their antibacterial activity was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli in blood, nutrient, and Sabouraud dextrose agars. Moreover, fungal extracts were evaluated on cell viability/proliferation against human breast carcinoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. To identify the biomolecules of the fungal extracts, High-performance liquid chromatography HPLC–DAD coupled to analytical LC–QTOF-MS method was employed for fungal ethyl acetate crude extract. Identified fungal isolates, Chaetomium sp. Bipolaris sp. and Fusarium venenatum showed varied inhibitory activity against tested microbes in relation to crude extract, microbial strain tested, and growth media. F. venenatum showed higher anticancer activity compared to Chaetomium sp. and Bipolaris sp. extracts against four of the tested cancer cell lines. Screening by HPLC and LC/MS-QTOF identified nine compounds from Chaetomium sp. and three from Bipolaris sp. however, for F. venenatum extracts compounds were not fully identified. In light of the present findings, some biological activities of fungal extracts were approved in vitro, suggesting that such extracts could be a useful starting point to find compounds that possess promising agents for medical applications. Further investigations to identify exact biomolecules from F. venenatum extracts are needed.

Antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical potentials of fungal bioactive secondary metabolites

“…Because of the rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance, the need for novel and the natural antimicrobial agent has become more passing. Many studies have shown that antimicrobial compounds produced by endophytic fungi are effective against both plant and human pathogenic bacteria [22,47,48]. In the present investigation, ethyl acetate extract of C. gloeosporioides, A. arborescens, F. proliferatum, and P. vismiae culture filtrate, exhibited inhibition against four human pathogenic microorganisms (S. aureus, B, subtilis, E. coli, and S. typhi).…”

Silver Nanoparticles Formation by Jatropha integerrima and LC/MS-QTOF-Based Metabolite Profiling

“…Cell viability assays were conducted using two breast cancer cell lines, MDA MBA 231 (established from a pleural effusion of a 51-year-old caucasian female with a metastatic mammary adenocarcinoma) [71] and HCT116 (human colorectal carcinoma cell line isolated from an adult male) [72], and one standard cell line MCF 10A (ATCC-CRL-10317) [71]. A 96-well plate was used for cell lines cultured at a 5 × 104 cells/well concentration and then kept at 37 • C and humidified air/CO 2 at 95%/5%.…”

In Vitro Efficacy of Extracts and Isolated Bioactive Compounds from Ascomycota Fungi in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

“…Lee et al [ 64 ] tested this ethanol extract in a xenograft mouse model and found a significant inhibition of tumor growth and a reduction in mouse mortality. On the other hand, the genus Fusarium was studied in four articles, showing active functional extracts against CaCo-2, HCT-116, and HCT-8 cells (IC 50 between 0.3779–98.68 μg/mL) [ 25 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. In one article, standard camptothecin and camptothecin crude extract were isolated and tested against CaCo-2 cells, resulting in IC 50 values of 2.41 and 0.291 μM, respectively [ 68 ].…”