Investigation of chemical substances of terrestrial arthropods

Abstract

Klyuchko O.M. Investigation of chemical substances of terrestrial arthropods. Studia Biolo gica, 2019: 13(1); 129-144 • DOI: https://doi.org/10. 30970/sbi.1301.594 Millions of Arthropods are inhabitants of the Earth and some biochemical products which they produce are valuable for human practice. The aim of this work was to summarize current information about chemical substances produced by Arthropods such as venoms, toxins and some other chemical compounds that may be used in practice. Today such products are obtained and purified using standard biochemical methods. In this article, the information about species of the terrestrial Arthropods -producers of substances acting on the nervous system and used in electrophysiological investigations is presented. Some versions of arthropods' toxins classification and the table with Araneids toxins and effects they occur are suggested as well. Main attention was paid to some Araneidae venoms and toxins that block synaptic transmission in glutamatergic synapses. A review of chemical composition and some biophysical properties of such venoms and toxins was suggested and their chemical structures namely of toxins from spiders of Nephila family and toxins from A. lobata venom were described. Some biophysical properties of Araneidae venoms and toxins are characterized. Other components of Arthropods' venoms were also observed. Contemporary applications of such chemical compounds in agriculture and in the environmental monitoring systems were considered as well. The obtained results evidence that the terrestrial Arthropods is a valuable source of chemical compounds for biophysical laboratories and their great potential has to attract more attention of investigators.

Biologically active phenol and indole derivatives of terrestrial arthropods: electrophysiological and chemical characteristics

“…1. Хімічні структури токсинів членистоногих: 1 -JSTX-3; 2 -NSTX-3; 3 -аргіопін AR; 4 -РТХ 433 [23,40] The polyamine beta-PTX toxin with a molecular weight of 243 Da was also studied. This toxin inhibited glutamate postsynaptic potentials in the nerve-muscular junctions of the locusts, but its effect was weaker than that of delta-PTX [37].…”

“…from Araneidae venoms. This issue has been briefly described in our previous studies [2,36,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. Chemical, biochemical and electrophysiological characterization of the venoms and toxins from the Arthropods have been also carried out.…”

“…Magura, and I.V. Skok [58,63,81]. These investigations were continued by the representatives of scientific schools headed by the above mentioned scientists in collaboration with their foreign partners [2, 36,].…”

“…These investigations were continued by the representatives of scientific schools headed by the above mentioned scientists in collaboration with their foreign partners [2, 36,]. Nowadays, the results of study of specific toxins from Arthropodae (including Araneidae toxins), as well as other similar phenol and indole derivatives were applied in agriculture [16,20,29,59] and in the methods of ecological monitoring of environment [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. Some of these results were supported by the patents [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57].…”

“…Our review is devoted to Arthropodae toxins' study and application [1-19, 21-37, 60-97]. Study of chemical structure of arthropods' toxins allowed to define their possible role, as well as the role of their fragments in blockage of different channel-receptors complexes (CRC) [5,8,12,22,23,28,35,37,40].…”